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Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Control during Gaming Revealed by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

In everyday life we quickly build and maintain associations between stimuli and behavioral responses. This is governed by rules of varying complexity and past studies have identified an underlying fronto-parietal network involved in cognitive control processes. However, there is only limited knowled...

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Autores principales: Witte, Matthias, Ninaus, Manuel, Kober, Silvia Erika, Neuper, Christa, Wood, Guilherme
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4526694/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26244781
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134816
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author Witte, Matthias
Ninaus, Manuel
Kober, Silvia Erika
Neuper, Christa
Wood, Guilherme
author_facet Witte, Matthias
Ninaus, Manuel
Kober, Silvia Erika
Neuper, Christa
Wood, Guilherme
author_sort Witte, Matthias
collection PubMed
description In everyday life we quickly build and maintain associations between stimuli and behavioral responses. This is governed by rules of varying complexity and past studies have identified an underlying fronto-parietal network involved in cognitive control processes. However, there is only limited knowledge about the neuronal activations during more natural settings like game playing. We thus assessed whether near-infrared spectroscopy recordings can reflect different demands on cognitive control during a simple game playing task. Sixteen healthy participants had to catch falling objects by pressing computer keys. These objects either fell randomly (RANDOM task), according to a known stimulus-response mapping applied by players (APPLY task) or according to a stimulus-response mapping that had to be learned (LEARN task). We found an increased change of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin during LEARN covering broad areas over right frontal, central and parietal cortex. Opposed to this, hemoglobin changes were less pronounced for RANDOM and APPLY. Along with the findings that fewer objects were caught during LEARN but stimulus-response mappings were successfully identified, we attribute the higher activations to an increased cognitive load when extracting an unknown mapping. This study therefore demonstrates a neuronal marker of cognitive control during gaming revealed by near-infrared spectroscopy recordings.
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spelling pubmed-45266942015-08-12 Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Control during Gaming Revealed by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Witte, Matthias Ninaus, Manuel Kober, Silvia Erika Neuper, Christa Wood, Guilherme PLoS One Research Article In everyday life we quickly build and maintain associations between stimuli and behavioral responses. This is governed by rules of varying complexity and past studies have identified an underlying fronto-parietal network involved in cognitive control processes. However, there is only limited knowledge about the neuronal activations during more natural settings like game playing. We thus assessed whether near-infrared spectroscopy recordings can reflect different demands on cognitive control during a simple game playing task. Sixteen healthy participants had to catch falling objects by pressing computer keys. These objects either fell randomly (RANDOM task), according to a known stimulus-response mapping applied by players (APPLY task) or according to a stimulus-response mapping that had to be learned (LEARN task). We found an increased change of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin during LEARN covering broad areas over right frontal, central and parietal cortex. Opposed to this, hemoglobin changes were less pronounced for RANDOM and APPLY. Along with the findings that fewer objects were caught during LEARN but stimulus-response mappings were successfully identified, we attribute the higher activations to an increased cognitive load when extracting an unknown mapping. This study therefore demonstrates a neuronal marker of cognitive control during gaming revealed by near-infrared spectroscopy recordings. Public Library of Science 2015-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4526694/ /pubmed/26244781 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134816 Text en © 2015 Witte et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Witte, Matthias
Ninaus, Manuel
Kober, Silvia Erika
Neuper, Christa
Wood, Guilherme
Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Control during Gaming Revealed by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
title Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Control during Gaming Revealed by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
title_full Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Control during Gaming Revealed by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
title_fullStr Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Control during Gaming Revealed by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Control during Gaming Revealed by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
title_short Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Control during Gaming Revealed by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
title_sort neuronal correlates of cognitive control during gaming revealed by near-infrared spectroscopy
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4526694/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26244781
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134816
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