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Optimal speed estimation in natural image movies predicts human performance

Accurate perception of motion depends critically on accurate estimation of retinal motion speed. Here we first analyse natural image movies to determine the optimal space-time receptive fields (RFs) for encoding local motion speed in a particular direction, given the constraints of the early visual...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Burge, Johannes, Geisler, Wilson S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Pub. Group 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4532855/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26238697
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8900
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author Burge, Johannes
Geisler, Wilson S.
author_facet Burge, Johannes
Geisler, Wilson S.
author_sort Burge, Johannes
collection PubMed
description Accurate perception of motion depends critically on accurate estimation of retinal motion speed. Here we first analyse natural image movies to determine the optimal space-time receptive fields (RFs) for encoding local motion speed in a particular direction, given the constraints of the early visual system. Next, from the RF responses to natural stimuli, we determine the neural computations that are optimal for combining and decoding the responses into estimates of speed. The computations show how selective, invariant speed-tuned units might be constructed by the nervous system. Then, in a psychophysical experiment using matched stimuli, we show that human performance is nearly optimal. Indeed, a single efficiency parameter accurately predicts the detailed shapes of a large set of human psychometric functions. We conclude that many properties of speed-selective neurons and human speed discrimination performance are predicted by the optimal computations, and that natural stimulus variation affects optimal and human observers almost identically.
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spelling pubmed-45328552015-08-31 Optimal speed estimation in natural image movies predicts human performance Burge, Johannes Geisler, Wilson S. Nat Commun Article Accurate perception of motion depends critically on accurate estimation of retinal motion speed. Here we first analyse natural image movies to determine the optimal space-time receptive fields (RFs) for encoding local motion speed in a particular direction, given the constraints of the early visual system. Next, from the RF responses to natural stimuli, we determine the neural computations that are optimal for combining and decoding the responses into estimates of speed. The computations show how selective, invariant speed-tuned units might be constructed by the nervous system. Then, in a psychophysical experiment using matched stimuli, we show that human performance is nearly optimal. Indeed, a single efficiency parameter accurately predicts the detailed shapes of a large set of human psychometric functions. We conclude that many properties of speed-selective neurons and human speed discrimination performance are predicted by the optimal computations, and that natural stimulus variation affects optimal and human observers almost identically. Nature Pub. Group 2015-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4532855/ /pubmed/26238697 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8900 Text en Copyright © 2015, Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Burge, Johannes
Geisler, Wilson S.
Optimal speed estimation in natural image movies predicts human performance
title Optimal speed estimation in natural image movies predicts human performance
title_full Optimal speed estimation in natural image movies predicts human performance
title_fullStr Optimal speed estimation in natural image movies predicts human performance
title_full_unstemmed Optimal speed estimation in natural image movies predicts human performance
title_short Optimal speed estimation in natural image movies predicts human performance
title_sort optimal speed estimation in natural image movies predicts human performance
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4532855/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26238697
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8900
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