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History of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392)

This article aims to describe the training and medical licensing system (uieop) for becoming a physician officer (uigwan) during Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392). In the Goryeo Dynasty, although no license was necessary to provide medical services to the common people, there was a licensing examina...

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Autor principal: Lee, Kyung-Lock
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board of the Republic of Korea 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4536363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26008917
http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.19
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author Lee, Kyung-Lock
author_facet Lee, Kyung-Lock
author_sort Lee, Kyung-Lock
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description This article aims to describe the training and medical licensing system (uieop) for becoming a physician officer (uigwan) during Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392). In the Goryeo Dynasty, although no license was necessary to provide medical services to the common people, there was a licensing examination to become a physician officer. No other national licensing system for healthcare professionals existed in Korea at that time. The medical licensing examination was administered beginning in 958. Physician officers who passed the medical licensing examination worked in two main healthcare institutions: the Government Hospital (Taeuigam) and Pharmacy for the King (Sangyakguk). The promotion and expansion of medical education differed depending on the historical period. Until the reign of King Munjong (1046-1083), medical education as a path to licensure was encouraged in order to increase the number of physician officers qualifying for licensure by examination; thus, the number of applicants sitting for the examination increased. However, in the late Goryeo Dynasty, after the officer class of the local authorities (hyangri) showed a tendency to monopolize the examination, the Goryeo government limited the examination applications by this group. The medical licensing examination was divided into two parts: medicine and ‘feeling the pulse and acupuncture’ (jugeumeop). The Goryeo Dynasty followed the Chinese Dang Dynasty’s medical system while also taking a strong interest in the Chinese Song Dynasty’s ideas about medicine.
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spelling pubmed-45363632015-09-04 History of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392) Lee, Kyung-Lock J Educ Eval Health Prof History Article This article aims to describe the training and medical licensing system (uieop) for becoming a physician officer (uigwan) during Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392). In the Goryeo Dynasty, although no license was necessary to provide medical services to the common people, there was a licensing examination to become a physician officer. No other national licensing system for healthcare professionals existed in Korea at that time. The medical licensing examination was administered beginning in 958. Physician officers who passed the medical licensing examination worked in two main healthcare institutions: the Government Hospital (Taeuigam) and Pharmacy for the King (Sangyakguk). The promotion and expansion of medical education differed depending on the historical period. Until the reign of King Munjong (1046-1083), medical education as a path to licensure was encouraged in order to increase the number of physician officers qualifying for licensure by examination; thus, the number of applicants sitting for the examination increased. However, in the late Goryeo Dynasty, after the officer class of the local authorities (hyangri) showed a tendency to monopolize the examination, the Goryeo government limited the examination applications by this group. The medical licensing examination was divided into two parts: medicine and ‘feeling the pulse and acupuncture’ (jugeumeop). The Goryeo Dynasty followed the Chinese Dang Dynasty’s medical system while also taking a strong interest in the Chinese Song Dynasty’s ideas about medicine. National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board of the Republic of Korea 2015-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4536363/ /pubmed/26008917 http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.19 Text en © 2015, National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board of the Republic of Korea This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle History Article
Lee, Kyung-Lock
History of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392)
title History of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392)
title_full History of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392)
title_fullStr History of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392)
title_full_unstemmed History of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392)
title_short History of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392)
title_sort history of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in korea’s goryeo dynasty (918-1392)
topic History Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4536363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26008917
http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.19
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