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In vitro inhibition of hyaluronidase by sodium copper chlorophyllin complex and chlorophyllin analogs
BACKGROUND: Inhibitors of hyaluronidase are potent agents that maintain hyaluronic acid homeostasis and may serve as anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial agents. Sodium copper chlorophyllin complex is being used therapeutically as a component in anti-aging cosmeceuticals, and has been s...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove Medical Press
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4536759/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26300653 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S86863 |
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author | McCook, John P Dorogi, Peter L Vasily, David B Cefalo, Dustin R |
author_facet | McCook, John P Dorogi, Peter L Vasily, David B Cefalo, Dustin R |
author_sort | McCook, John P |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Inhibitors of hyaluronidase are potent agents that maintain hyaluronic acid homeostasis and may serve as anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial agents. Sodium copper chlorophyllin complex is being used therapeutically as a component in anti-aging cosmeceuticals, and has been shown to have anti-hyaluronidase activity. In this study we evaluated various commercial lots of sodium copper chlorophyllin complex to identify the primary small molecule constituents, and to test various sodium copper chlorophyllin complexes and their small molecule analog compounds for hyaluronidase inhibitory activity in vitro. Ascorbate analogs were tested in combination with copper chlorophyllin complexes for potential additive or synergistic activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For hyaluronidase activity assays, dilutions of test materials were evaluated for hydrolytic activity of hyaluronidase by precipitation of non-digested hyaluronate by measuring related turbidity at 595 nm. High-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy was used to analyze and identify the primary small molecule constituents in various old and new commercial lots of sodium copper chlorophyllin complex. RESULTS: The most active small molecule component of sodium copper chlorophyllin complex was disodium copper isochlorin e4, followed by oxidized disodium copper isochlorin e4. Sodium copper chlorophyllin complex and copper isochlorin e4 disodium salt had hyaluronidase inhibitory activity down to 10 µg/mL. The oxidized form of copper isochlorin e4 disodium salt had substantial hyaluronidase inhibitory activity at 100 µg/mL but not at 10 µg/mL. Ascorbate derivatives did not enhance the hyaluronidase inhibitory activity of sodium copper chlorophyllin. Copper isochlorin e4 analogs were always the dominant components of the small molecule content of the commercial lots tested; oxidized copper isochlorin e4 was found in increased concentrations in older compared to newer lots tested. CONCLUSION: These results support the concept of using the hyaluronidase inhibitory activity of sodium copper chlorophyllin complex to increase the hyaluronic acid level of the dermal extracellular matrix for the improvement of the appearance of aging facial skin. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4536759 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Dove Medical Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45367592015-08-21 In vitro inhibition of hyaluronidase by sodium copper chlorophyllin complex and chlorophyllin analogs McCook, John P Dorogi, Peter L Vasily, David B Cefalo, Dustin R Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol Original Research BACKGROUND: Inhibitors of hyaluronidase are potent agents that maintain hyaluronic acid homeostasis and may serve as anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial agents. Sodium copper chlorophyllin complex is being used therapeutically as a component in anti-aging cosmeceuticals, and has been shown to have anti-hyaluronidase activity. In this study we evaluated various commercial lots of sodium copper chlorophyllin complex to identify the primary small molecule constituents, and to test various sodium copper chlorophyllin complexes and their small molecule analog compounds for hyaluronidase inhibitory activity in vitro. Ascorbate analogs were tested in combination with copper chlorophyllin complexes for potential additive or synergistic activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For hyaluronidase activity assays, dilutions of test materials were evaluated for hydrolytic activity of hyaluronidase by precipitation of non-digested hyaluronate by measuring related turbidity at 595 nm. High-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy was used to analyze and identify the primary small molecule constituents in various old and new commercial lots of sodium copper chlorophyllin complex. RESULTS: The most active small molecule component of sodium copper chlorophyllin complex was disodium copper isochlorin e4, followed by oxidized disodium copper isochlorin e4. Sodium copper chlorophyllin complex and copper isochlorin e4 disodium salt had hyaluronidase inhibitory activity down to 10 µg/mL. The oxidized form of copper isochlorin e4 disodium salt had substantial hyaluronidase inhibitory activity at 100 µg/mL but not at 10 µg/mL. Ascorbate derivatives did not enhance the hyaluronidase inhibitory activity of sodium copper chlorophyllin. Copper isochlorin e4 analogs were always the dominant components of the small molecule content of the commercial lots tested; oxidized copper isochlorin e4 was found in increased concentrations in older compared to newer lots tested. CONCLUSION: These results support the concept of using the hyaluronidase inhibitory activity of sodium copper chlorophyllin complex to increase the hyaluronic acid level of the dermal extracellular matrix for the improvement of the appearance of aging facial skin. Dove Medical Press 2015-08-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4536759/ /pubmed/26300653 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S86863 Text en © 2015 McCook et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. |
spellingShingle | Original Research McCook, John P Dorogi, Peter L Vasily, David B Cefalo, Dustin R In vitro inhibition of hyaluronidase by sodium copper chlorophyllin complex and chlorophyllin analogs |
title | In vitro inhibition of hyaluronidase by sodium copper chlorophyllin complex and chlorophyllin analogs |
title_full | In vitro inhibition of hyaluronidase by sodium copper chlorophyllin complex and chlorophyllin analogs |
title_fullStr | In vitro inhibition of hyaluronidase by sodium copper chlorophyllin complex and chlorophyllin analogs |
title_full_unstemmed | In vitro inhibition of hyaluronidase by sodium copper chlorophyllin complex and chlorophyllin analogs |
title_short | In vitro inhibition of hyaluronidase by sodium copper chlorophyllin complex and chlorophyllin analogs |
title_sort | in vitro inhibition of hyaluronidase by sodium copper chlorophyllin complex and chlorophyllin analogs |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4536759/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26300653 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S86863 |
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