Propofol Versus Midazolam for Procedural Sedation of Anterior Shoulder Dislocation in Emergency Department: A Randomized Clinical Trial

BACKGROUND: Anterior shoulder dislocation (ASD) is one of the most common reasons for referrals to emergency departments (ED). Usually, a combination of an intravenous narcotic and a benzodiazepine is used for procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) in such cases. OBJECTIVES: This study compares the efficacy of two combinations to reduce ASD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The subjects in this clinical trial consisted of 48 patients with ASD who were randomly assigned to midazolam/fentanyl and propofol/fentanyl groups for PSA. The two groups were compared to the time interval between injection and induction of sedation (T1), duration of time from sedation to awakening (T2), the duration of time between sedation and full awareness to time, location and individuals (T3), and possible side effects. RESULTS: Twenty-nine subjects (60.4%) were sedated with midazolam and 19 (39.6%) were sedated with propofol. During the procedure, one patient in the propofol group experienced apnea (P = 0.39) and three patients (one in the midazolam group and two in the propofol group) experienced bradycardia (P = 0.34). The mean T1, T2, and T3 were significantly shorter in the propofol group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It seems that propofol and fentanyl can be used as a safe and fast combination for PSA in the reduction of ASD.