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Identification of Allorecognition Loci in Neurospora crassa by Genomics and Evolutionary Approaches
Understanding the genetic and molecular bases of the ability to distinguish self from nonself (allorecognition) and mechanisms underlying evolution of allorecognition systems is an important endeavor for understanding cases where it becomes dysfunctional, such as in autoimmune disorders. In filament...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4540973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26025978 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msv125 |
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author | Zhao, Jiuhai Gladieux, Pierre Hutchison, Elizabeth Bueche, Joanna Hall, Charles Perraudeau, Fanny Glass, N. Louise |
author_facet | Zhao, Jiuhai Gladieux, Pierre Hutchison, Elizabeth Bueche, Joanna Hall, Charles Perraudeau, Fanny Glass, N. Louise |
author_sort | Zhao, Jiuhai |
collection | PubMed |
description | Understanding the genetic and molecular bases of the ability to distinguish self from nonself (allorecognition) and mechanisms underlying evolution of allorecognition systems is an important endeavor for understanding cases where it becomes dysfunctional, such as in autoimmune disorders. In filamentous fungi, allorecognition can result in vegetative or heterokaryon incompatibility, which is a type of programmed cell death that occurs following fusion of genetically different cells. Allorecognition is genetically controlled by het loci, with coexpression of any combination of incompatible alleles triggering vegetative incompatibility. Herein, we identified, characterized, and inferred the evolutionary history of candidate het loci in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. As characterized het loci encode proteins carrying an HET domain, we annotated HET domain genes in 25 isolates from a natural population along with the N. crassa reference genome using resequencing data. Because allorecognition systems can be affected by frequency-dependent selection favoring rare alleles (i.e., balancing selection), we mined resequencing data for HET domain loci whose alleles displayed elevated levels of variability, excess of intermediate frequency alleles, and deep gene genealogies. From these analyses, 34 HET domain loci were identified as likely to be under balancing selection. Using transformation, incompatibility assays and genetic analyses, we determined that one of these candidates functioned as a het locus (het-e). The het-e locus has three divergent allelic groups that showed signatures of positive selection, intra- and intergroup recombination, and trans-species polymorphism. Our findings represent a compelling case of balancing selection functioning on multiple alleles across multiple loci potentially involved in allorecognition. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4540973 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45409732015-08-20 Identification of Allorecognition Loci in Neurospora crassa by Genomics and Evolutionary Approaches Zhao, Jiuhai Gladieux, Pierre Hutchison, Elizabeth Bueche, Joanna Hall, Charles Perraudeau, Fanny Glass, N. Louise Mol Biol Evol Discoveries Understanding the genetic and molecular bases of the ability to distinguish self from nonself (allorecognition) and mechanisms underlying evolution of allorecognition systems is an important endeavor for understanding cases where it becomes dysfunctional, such as in autoimmune disorders. In filamentous fungi, allorecognition can result in vegetative or heterokaryon incompatibility, which is a type of programmed cell death that occurs following fusion of genetically different cells. Allorecognition is genetically controlled by het loci, with coexpression of any combination of incompatible alleles triggering vegetative incompatibility. Herein, we identified, characterized, and inferred the evolutionary history of candidate het loci in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. As characterized het loci encode proteins carrying an HET domain, we annotated HET domain genes in 25 isolates from a natural population along with the N. crassa reference genome using resequencing data. Because allorecognition systems can be affected by frequency-dependent selection favoring rare alleles (i.e., balancing selection), we mined resequencing data for HET domain loci whose alleles displayed elevated levels of variability, excess of intermediate frequency alleles, and deep gene genealogies. From these analyses, 34 HET domain loci were identified as likely to be under balancing selection. Using transformation, incompatibility assays and genetic analyses, we determined that one of these candidates functioned as a het locus (het-e). The het-e locus has three divergent allelic groups that showed signatures of positive selection, intra- and intergroup recombination, and trans-species polymorphism. Our findings represent a compelling case of balancing selection functioning on multiple alleles across multiple loci potentially involved in allorecognition. Oxford University Press 2015-09 2015-05-28 /pmc/articles/PMC4540973/ /pubmed/26025978 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msv125 Text en © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Discoveries Zhao, Jiuhai Gladieux, Pierre Hutchison, Elizabeth Bueche, Joanna Hall, Charles Perraudeau, Fanny Glass, N. Louise Identification of Allorecognition Loci in Neurospora crassa by Genomics and Evolutionary Approaches |
title | Identification of Allorecognition Loci in Neurospora crassa by Genomics and Evolutionary Approaches |
title_full | Identification of Allorecognition Loci in Neurospora crassa by Genomics and Evolutionary Approaches |
title_fullStr | Identification of Allorecognition Loci in Neurospora crassa by Genomics and Evolutionary Approaches |
title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Allorecognition Loci in Neurospora crassa by Genomics and Evolutionary Approaches |
title_short | Identification of Allorecognition Loci in Neurospora crassa by Genomics and Evolutionary Approaches |
title_sort | identification of allorecognition loci in neurospora crassa by genomics and evolutionary approaches |
topic | Discoveries |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4540973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26025978 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msv125 |
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