Maximal Fat Oxidation Rate during Exercise in Korean Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate exercise intensity associated with maximum fat oxidation, improvement of body composition, and metabolic status in Korean women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: The study included a T2DM group (12 women) and a control group (12 women). The groups were matched in age and body mass index. The subjects performed a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer to measure their maximal fat oxidation (Fat(max)). We also measured their body composition, metabolic profiles, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). RESULTS: The exercise intensity for Fat(max) was significantly lower in the T2DM group (34.19% maximal oxygen uptake [VO(2) max]) than the control group (51.80% VO(2) max). Additionally, the rate of fat oxidation during exercise (P<0.05) and mtDNA (P<0.05) were significantly lower in the T2DM group than the control group. The VO(2) max level (P<0.001) and the insulin level (P<0.05) were positively correlated with the rate of fat oxidation. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest lower exercise intensity that achieves Fat(max) is recommended for improving fat oxidation and enhancing fitness levels in Korean women with T2DM. Our data could be useful when considering an exercise regimen to improve health and fitness.