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Gut microbiota and allogeneic transplantation

The latest high-throughput sequencing technologies show that there are more than 1000 types of microbiota in the human gut. These microbes are not only important to maintain human health, but also closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. With the development of transpla...

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Autores principales: Wang, Weilin, Xu, Shaoyan, Ren, Zhigang, Jiang, Jianwen, Zheng, Shusen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4546814/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26298517
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12967-015-0640-8
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author Wang, Weilin
Xu, Shaoyan
Ren, Zhigang
Jiang, Jianwen
Zheng, Shusen
author_facet Wang, Weilin
Xu, Shaoyan
Ren, Zhigang
Jiang, Jianwen
Zheng, Shusen
author_sort Wang, Weilin
collection PubMed
description The latest high-throughput sequencing technologies show that there are more than 1000 types of microbiota in the human gut. These microbes are not only important to maintain human health, but also closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. With the development of transplantation technologies, allogeneic transplantation has become an effective therapy for a variety of end-stage diseases. However, complications after transplantation still restrict its further development. Post-transplantation complications are closely associated with a host’s immune system. There is also an interaction between a person’s gut microbiota and immune system. Recently, animal and human studies have shown that gut microbial populations and diversity are altered after allogeneic transplantations, such as liver transplantation (LT), small bowel transplantation (SBT), kidney transplantation (KT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HTCT). Moreover, when complications, such as infection, rejection and graft versus host disease (GVHD) occur, gut microbial populations and diversity present a significant dysbiosis. Several animal and clinical studies have demonstrated that taking probiotics and prebiotics can effectively regulate gut microbiota and reduce the incidence of complications after transplantation. However, the role of intestinal decontamination in allogeneic transplantation is controversial. This paper reviews gut microbial status after transplantation and its relationship with complications. The role of intervention methods, including antibiotics, probiotics and prebiotics, in complications after transplantation are also discussed. Further research in this new field needs to determine the definite relationship between gut microbial dysbiosis and complications after transplantation. Additionally, further research examining gut microbial intervention methods to ameliorate complications after transplantation is warranted. A better understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota and complications after allogeneic transplantation may make gut microbiota as a therapeutic target in the future.
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spelling pubmed-45468142015-08-24 Gut microbiota and allogeneic transplantation Wang, Weilin Xu, Shaoyan Ren, Zhigang Jiang, Jianwen Zheng, Shusen J Transl Med Review The latest high-throughput sequencing technologies show that there are more than 1000 types of microbiota in the human gut. These microbes are not only important to maintain human health, but also closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. With the development of transplantation technologies, allogeneic transplantation has become an effective therapy for a variety of end-stage diseases. However, complications after transplantation still restrict its further development. Post-transplantation complications are closely associated with a host’s immune system. There is also an interaction between a person’s gut microbiota and immune system. Recently, animal and human studies have shown that gut microbial populations and diversity are altered after allogeneic transplantations, such as liver transplantation (LT), small bowel transplantation (SBT), kidney transplantation (KT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HTCT). Moreover, when complications, such as infection, rejection and graft versus host disease (GVHD) occur, gut microbial populations and diversity present a significant dysbiosis. Several animal and clinical studies have demonstrated that taking probiotics and prebiotics can effectively regulate gut microbiota and reduce the incidence of complications after transplantation. However, the role of intestinal decontamination in allogeneic transplantation is controversial. This paper reviews gut microbial status after transplantation and its relationship with complications. The role of intervention methods, including antibiotics, probiotics and prebiotics, in complications after transplantation are also discussed. Further research in this new field needs to determine the definite relationship between gut microbial dysbiosis and complications after transplantation. Additionally, further research examining gut microbial intervention methods to ameliorate complications after transplantation is warranted. A better understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota and complications after allogeneic transplantation may make gut microbiota as a therapeutic target in the future. BioMed Central 2015-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC4546814/ /pubmed/26298517 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12967-015-0640-8 Text en © Wang et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Wang, Weilin
Xu, Shaoyan
Ren, Zhigang
Jiang, Jianwen
Zheng, Shusen
Gut microbiota and allogeneic transplantation
title Gut microbiota and allogeneic transplantation
title_full Gut microbiota and allogeneic transplantation
title_fullStr Gut microbiota and allogeneic transplantation
title_full_unstemmed Gut microbiota and allogeneic transplantation
title_short Gut microbiota and allogeneic transplantation
title_sort gut microbiota and allogeneic transplantation
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4546814/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26298517
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12967-015-0640-8
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