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Recent Insights on Prevalence and Corelations of Hypoactive Delirium

Delirium is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome which is common in all medical settings. It often goes unrecognized due to difficulties in the detection of its hypoactive variant. This review aims to provide an up-to-date account on recent research on hypoactive delirium (HD). Thirty-eight studies,...

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Autores principales: Peritogiannis, Vaios, Bolosi, Maria, Lixouriotis, Charalampos, Rizos, Dimitrios V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4546955/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26347584
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/416792
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author Peritogiannis, Vaios
Bolosi, Maria
Lixouriotis, Charalampos
Rizos, Dimitrios V.
author_facet Peritogiannis, Vaios
Bolosi, Maria
Lixouriotis, Charalampos
Rizos, Dimitrios V.
author_sort Peritogiannis, Vaios
collection PubMed
description Delirium is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome which is common in all medical settings. It often goes unrecognized due to difficulties in the detection of its hypoactive variant. This review aims to provide an up-to-date account on recent research on hypoactive delirium (HD). Thirty-eight studies, which were conducted in various clinical settings, including the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), were included in this review. Those studies involved recent research that has been published during the last 6 years. Prevalence of HD was found to vary considerably among different settings. HD seems to be more common in critically ill patients and less common in patients examined by consultation-liaison psychiatric services and in mixed patient populations. The presence of HD in ICU patients was associated with higher short- and long-term mortality and other adverse outcomes, but no such association was reported in other settings. Research on other possible associations of HD with clinical variables and on symptom presentation yielded inconclusive results, although there is some evidence for a possible association of HD with benzodiazepine use. There are several methodological issues that need to be addressed by future research. Future studies should examine HD in the primary care setting; treatment interventions should also be the objective of future research.
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spelling pubmed-45469552015-09-07 Recent Insights on Prevalence and Corelations of Hypoactive Delirium Peritogiannis, Vaios Bolosi, Maria Lixouriotis, Charalampos Rizos, Dimitrios V. Behav Neurol Review Article Delirium is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome which is common in all medical settings. It often goes unrecognized due to difficulties in the detection of its hypoactive variant. This review aims to provide an up-to-date account on recent research on hypoactive delirium (HD). Thirty-eight studies, which were conducted in various clinical settings, including the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), were included in this review. Those studies involved recent research that has been published during the last 6 years. Prevalence of HD was found to vary considerably among different settings. HD seems to be more common in critically ill patients and less common in patients examined by consultation-liaison psychiatric services and in mixed patient populations. The presence of HD in ICU patients was associated with higher short- and long-term mortality and other adverse outcomes, but no such association was reported in other settings. Research on other possible associations of HD with clinical variables and on symptom presentation yielded inconclusive results, although there is some evidence for a possible association of HD with benzodiazepine use. There are several methodological issues that need to be addressed by future research. Future studies should examine HD in the primary care setting; treatment interventions should also be the objective of future research. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 2015-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4546955/ /pubmed/26347584 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/416792 Text en Copyright © 2015 Vaios Peritogiannis et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Peritogiannis, Vaios
Bolosi, Maria
Lixouriotis, Charalampos
Rizos, Dimitrios V.
Recent Insights on Prevalence and Corelations of Hypoactive Delirium
title Recent Insights on Prevalence and Corelations of Hypoactive Delirium
title_full Recent Insights on Prevalence and Corelations of Hypoactive Delirium
title_fullStr Recent Insights on Prevalence and Corelations of Hypoactive Delirium
title_full_unstemmed Recent Insights on Prevalence and Corelations of Hypoactive Delirium
title_short Recent Insights on Prevalence and Corelations of Hypoactive Delirium
title_sort recent insights on prevalence and corelations of hypoactive delirium
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4546955/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26347584
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/416792
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