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A Review of the Immunological Mechanisms Following Mucosal Vaccination of Finfish

Mucosal organs are principle portals of entry for microbial invasion and as such developing protective vaccines against these pathogens can serve as a first line of defense against infections. In general, all mucosal organs in finfish are covered by a layer of mucus whose main function is not only t...

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Autores principales: Munang’andu, Hetron Mweemba, Mutoloki, Stephen, Evensen, Øystein
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4547047/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26379665
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00427
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author Munang’andu, Hetron Mweemba
Mutoloki, Stephen
Evensen, Øystein
author_facet Munang’andu, Hetron Mweemba
Mutoloki, Stephen
Evensen, Øystein
author_sort Munang’andu, Hetron Mweemba
collection PubMed
description Mucosal organs are principle portals of entry for microbial invasion and as such developing protective vaccines against these pathogens can serve as a first line of defense against infections. In general, all mucosal organs in finfish are covered by a layer of mucus whose main function is not only to prevent pathogen attachment by being continuously secreted and sloughing-off but it serves as a vehicle for antimicrobial compounds, complement, and immunoglobulins that degrade, opsonize, and neutralize invading pathogens on mucosal surfaces. In addition, all mucosal organs in finfish possess antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that activate cells of the adaptive immune system to generate long-lasting protective immune responses. The functional activities of APCs are orchestrated by a vast array of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines found in all mucosal organs. The adaptive immune system in mucosal organs is made of humoral immune responses that are able to neutralize invading pathogens as well as cellular-mediated immune responses whose kinetics are comparable to those induced by parenteral vaccines. In general, finfish mucosal immune system has the capacity to serve as the first-line defense mechanism against microbial invasion as well as being responsive to vaccination.
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spelling pubmed-45470472015-09-14 A Review of the Immunological Mechanisms Following Mucosal Vaccination of Finfish Munang’andu, Hetron Mweemba Mutoloki, Stephen Evensen, Øystein Front Immunol Immunology Mucosal organs are principle portals of entry for microbial invasion and as such developing protective vaccines against these pathogens can serve as a first line of defense against infections. In general, all mucosal organs in finfish are covered by a layer of mucus whose main function is not only to prevent pathogen attachment by being continuously secreted and sloughing-off but it serves as a vehicle for antimicrobial compounds, complement, and immunoglobulins that degrade, opsonize, and neutralize invading pathogens on mucosal surfaces. In addition, all mucosal organs in finfish possess antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that activate cells of the adaptive immune system to generate long-lasting protective immune responses. The functional activities of APCs are orchestrated by a vast array of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines found in all mucosal organs. The adaptive immune system in mucosal organs is made of humoral immune responses that are able to neutralize invading pathogens as well as cellular-mediated immune responses whose kinetics are comparable to those induced by parenteral vaccines. In general, finfish mucosal immune system has the capacity to serve as the first-line defense mechanism against microbial invasion as well as being responsive to vaccination. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-08-24 /pmc/articles/PMC4547047/ /pubmed/26379665 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00427 Text en Copyright © 2015 Munang’andu, Mutoloki and Evensen. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Munang’andu, Hetron Mweemba
Mutoloki, Stephen
Evensen, Øystein
A Review of the Immunological Mechanisms Following Mucosal Vaccination of Finfish
title A Review of the Immunological Mechanisms Following Mucosal Vaccination of Finfish
title_full A Review of the Immunological Mechanisms Following Mucosal Vaccination of Finfish
title_fullStr A Review of the Immunological Mechanisms Following Mucosal Vaccination of Finfish
title_full_unstemmed A Review of the Immunological Mechanisms Following Mucosal Vaccination of Finfish
title_short A Review of the Immunological Mechanisms Following Mucosal Vaccination of Finfish
title_sort review of the immunological mechanisms following mucosal vaccination of finfish
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4547047/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26379665
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00427
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