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Type VI Secretion System Toxins Horizontally Shared between Marine Bacteria
The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a widespread protein secretion apparatus used by Gram-negative bacteria to deliver toxic effector proteins into adjacent bacterial or host cells. Here, we uncovered a role in interbacterial competition for the two T6SSs encoded by the marine pathogen Vibrio alg...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4549250/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26305100 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005128 |
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author | Salomon, Dor Klimko, John A. Trudgian, David C. Kinch, Lisa N. Grishin, Nick V. Mirzaei, Hamid Orth, Kim |
author_facet | Salomon, Dor Klimko, John A. Trudgian, David C. Kinch, Lisa N. Grishin, Nick V. Mirzaei, Hamid Orth, Kim |
author_sort | Salomon, Dor |
collection | PubMed |
description | The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a widespread protein secretion apparatus used by Gram-negative bacteria to deliver toxic effector proteins into adjacent bacterial or host cells. Here, we uncovered a role in interbacterial competition for the two T6SSs encoded by the marine pathogen Vibrio alginolyticus. Using comparative proteomics and genetics, we identified their effector repertoires. In addition to the previously described effector V12G01_02265, we identified three new effectors secreted by T6SS1, indicating that the T6SS1 secretes at least four antibacterial effectors, of which three are members of the MIX-effector class. We also showed that the T6SS2 secretes at least three antibacterial effectors. Our findings revealed that many MIX-effectors belonging to clan V are “orphan” effectors that neighbor mobile elements and are shared between marine bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. We demonstrated that a MIX V-effector from V. alginolyticus is a functional T6SS effector when ectopically expressed in another Vibrio species. We propose that mobile MIX V-effectors serve as an environmental reservoir of T6SS effectors that are shared and used to diversify antibacterial toxin repertoires in marine bacteria, resulting in enhanced competitive fitness. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4549250 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45492502015-09-01 Type VI Secretion System Toxins Horizontally Shared between Marine Bacteria Salomon, Dor Klimko, John A. Trudgian, David C. Kinch, Lisa N. Grishin, Nick V. Mirzaei, Hamid Orth, Kim PLoS Pathog Research Article The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a widespread protein secretion apparatus used by Gram-negative bacteria to deliver toxic effector proteins into adjacent bacterial or host cells. Here, we uncovered a role in interbacterial competition for the two T6SSs encoded by the marine pathogen Vibrio alginolyticus. Using comparative proteomics and genetics, we identified their effector repertoires. In addition to the previously described effector V12G01_02265, we identified three new effectors secreted by T6SS1, indicating that the T6SS1 secretes at least four antibacterial effectors, of which three are members of the MIX-effector class. We also showed that the T6SS2 secretes at least three antibacterial effectors. Our findings revealed that many MIX-effectors belonging to clan V are “orphan” effectors that neighbor mobile elements and are shared between marine bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. We demonstrated that a MIX V-effector from V. alginolyticus is a functional T6SS effector when ectopically expressed in another Vibrio species. We propose that mobile MIX V-effectors serve as an environmental reservoir of T6SS effectors that are shared and used to diversify antibacterial toxin repertoires in marine bacteria, resulting in enhanced competitive fitness. Public Library of Science 2015-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4549250/ /pubmed/26305100 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005128 Text en © 2015 Salomon et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Salomon, Dor Klimko, John A. Trudgian, David C. Kinch, Lisa N. Grishin, Nick V. Mirzaei, Hamid Orth, Kim Type VI Secretion System Toxins Horizontally Shared between Marine Bacteria |
title | Type VI Secretion System Toxins Horizontally Shared between Marine Bacteria |
title_full | Type VI Secretion System Toxins Horizontally Shared between Marine Bacteria |
title_fullStr | Type VI Secretion System Toxins Horizontally Shared between Marine Bacteria |
title_full_unstemmed | Type VI Secretion System Toxins Horizontally Shared between Marine Bacteria |
title_short | Type VI Secretion System Toxins Horizontally Shared between Marine Bacteria |
title_sort | type vi secretion system toxins horizontally shared between marine bacteria |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4549250/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26305100 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005128 |
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