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The influence of relationships on neophobia and exploration in wolves and dogs
Exploration is important for animals to be able to gather information about features of their environment that may directly or indirectly influence survival and reproduction. Closely related to exploration is neophobia, which may reduce exposure to danger, but also constrain explorative behaviour. H...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Academic Press
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4550430/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26405301 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.06.008 |
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author | Moretti, Lucia Hentrup, Marleen Kotrschal, Kurt Range, Friederike |
author_facet | Moretti, Lucia Hentrup, Marleen Kotrschal, Kurt Range, Friederike |
author_sort | Moretti, Lucia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Exploration is important for animals to be able to gather information about features of their environment that may directly or indirectly influence survival and reproduction. Closely related to exploration is neophobia, which may reduce exposure to danger, but also constrain explorative behaviour. Here we investigated the effects of social relationships on neophobia and exploration in wolves, Canis lupus, and dogs, Canis familiaris. Eleven pack-living wolves reared by human foster parents and 13 identically raised and kept dogs were tested in a novel object test under three different conditions: (1) alone, (2) paired with a pack mate and (3) together with the entire pack. Dogs were less neophobic than wolves and interacted faster with the novel objects. However, the dogs showed overall less interest in the novel objects than wolves, which investigated the objects for longer than the dogs. Both wolves and dogs manipulated objects for longer when paired or in the pack than when alone. While kinship facilitated the investigation of novel objects in the pair condition in both wolves and dogs, rank distance had opposite effects. Our results suggest that the presence of conspecifics supported the exploration of novel objects in both wolves and dogs, particularly within kin and that this may be interpreted as risk sharing. The reduced latency to approach objects and less time spent exploring objects in dogs compared to wolves may be interpreted as an effect of domestication. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4550430 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Academic Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45504302015-09-22 The influence of relationships on neophobia and exploration in wolves and dogs Moretti, Lucia Hentrup, Marleen Kotrschal, Kurt Range, Friederike Anim Behav Article Exploration is important for animals to be able to gather information about features of their environment that may directly or indirectly influence survival and reproduction. Closely related to exploration is neophobia, which may reduce exposure to danger, but also constrain explorative behaviour. Here we investigated the effects of social relationships on neophobia and exploration in wolves, Canis lupus, and dogs, Canis familiaris. Eleven pack-living wolves reared by human foster parents and 13 identically raised and kept dogs were tested in a novel object test under three different conditions: (1) alone, (2) paired with a pack mate and (3) together with the entire pack. Dogs were less neophobic than wolves and interacted faster with the novel objects. However, the dogs showed overall less interest in the novel objects than wolves, which investigated the objects for longer than the dogs. Both wolves and dogs manipulated objects for longer when paired or in the pack than when alone. While kinship facilitated the investigation of novel objects in the pair condition in both wolves and dogs, rank distance had opposite effects. Our results suggest that the presence of conspecifics supported the exploration of novel objects in both wolves and dogs, particularly within kin and that this may be interpreted as risk sharing. The reduced latency to approach objects and less time spent exploring objects in dogs compared to wolves may be interpreted as an effect of domestication. Academic Press 2015-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4550430/ /pubmed/26405301 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.06.008 Text en © 2015 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Moretti, Lucia Hentrup, Marleen Kotrschal, Kurt Range, Friederike The influence of relationships on neophobia and exploration in wolves and dogs |
title | The influence of relationships on neophobia and exploration in wolves and dogs |
title_full | The influence of relationships on neophobia and exploration in wolves and dogs |
title_fullStr | The influence of relationships on neophobia and exploration in wolves and dogs |
title_full_unstemmed | The influence of relationships on neophobia and exploration in wolves and dogs |
title_short | The influence of relationships on neophobia and exploration in wolves and dogs |
title_sort | influence of relationships on neophobia and exploration in wolves and dogs |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4550430/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26405301 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.06.008 |
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