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Highly active antiretroviral therapy and dyslipidemia in people living with HIV/AIDS in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon

BACKGROUND: The advent of HAART has been associated with a profound reduction in morbidity and mortality from HIV/AIDS. However, side effects and toxicities associated with HAART may lead to an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dysli...

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Autores principales: Nsagha, Dickson Shey, Weledji, Elroy Patrick, Assob, Nguedia Jules Clement, Njunda, Longdoh Anna, Tanue, Elvis Asangbeng, kibu, Odette Dzemo, Ayima, Charlotte Wenze, Ngowe, Marcelin Ngowe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4552364/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26315756
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12872-015-0090-5
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author Nsagha, Dickson Shey
Weledji, Elroy Patrick
Assob, Nguedia Jules Clement
Njunda, Longdoh Anna
Tanue, Elvis Asangbeng
kibu, Odette Dzemo
Ayima, Charlotte Wenze
Ngowe, Marcelin Ngowe
author_facet Nsagha, Dickson Shey
Weledji, Elroy Patrick
Assob, Nguedia Jules Clement
Njunda, Longdoh Anna
Tanue, Elvis Asangbeng
kibu, Odette Dzemo
Ayima, Charlotte Wenze
Ngowe, Marcelin Ngowe
author_sort Nsagha, Dickson Shey
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The advent of HAART has been associated with a profound reduction in morbidity and mortality from HIV/AIDS. However, side effects and toxicities associated with HAART may lead to an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and determining factors of derangements in lipid profile associated with the use of HAART regimens in people living with HIV/AIDS in Fako Division of the South West Region of Cameroon. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and August 2014. Lipid profile was determined after overnight fast and dyslipidemia diagnosed according to the US National Cholesterol Education Program III criteria. Socio-demographic characteristics were also collected using a questionnaire. Data was analyzed using STATA; chi-square test, student’s t-test, ANOVA and logistic regressions were computed. RESULTS: Two hundred and nine participants were recruited including 157 (75.1 %) on HAART and 52 (24.9 %) HAART-naïve. Antiretrovirals were drugs containing two nucleoside backbones (zidovudine/ /lamivudine/tenofovir) with either a non-nucleoside (nevirapine/efavirenz) or a protease inhibitor (lopinavir). No patient was treated with statins. Their mean age was 43.4 (±11.0) years. The mean CD4(+) T cell count was 425 (±281) cells/μl after mean duration of HIV infection of 54.8 (±43.9) months and mean duration on ART of 63.7 (±41.4) months. The prevalence of total cholesterol (≥ 200 mg/dL) was 51.0 % in patients on HAART and 9.6 % pre-HAART patients (p < 0.0001), whereas LDL-cholesterol ≥ 130 mg/dL occurred in 36.9 % and in 7.7 % respectively, (p = 0.0001). Receiving HAART (adjusted odds ratio =6.24, 95 % CI: 2.33–17.45, p < 0.0001) and HIV duration of 42 months and more (aOR = 2.26, 95 % CI: 1.16–4.42, p = 0.017) were independently associated with total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dL. Receiving HAART (aOR = 5.28, 95 % CI: 1.17–16.32, p = 0.004) was independently associated with raised LDL-cholesterol values. The adjusted odds ratio (95 % CI) of BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m(2) versus BMI < 25.0 kg/m(2) was 3.25 (1.44–7.34) for triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL. CONCLUSION: HAART regimens were significantly associated with atherogenic lipid profile. Lipid profile should be monitored in HIV/AIDS patients on therapy so that any negative effects of HAART are optimally managed.
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spelling pubmed-45523642015-08-29 Highly active antiretroviral therapy and dyslipidemia in people living with HIV/AIDS in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon Nsagha, Dickson Shey Weledji, Elroy Patrick Assob, Nguedia Jules Clement Njunda, Longdoh Anna Tanue, Elvis Asangbeng kibu, Odette Dzemo Ayima, Charlotte Wenze Ngowe, Marcelin Ngowe BMC Cardiovasc Disord Research Article BACKGROUND: The advent of HAART has been associated with a profound reduction in morbidity and mortality from HIV/AIDS. However, side effects and toxicities associated with HAART may lead to an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and determining factors of derangements in lipid profile associated with the use of HAART regimens in people living with HIV/AIDS in Fako Division of the South West Region of Cameroon. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and August 2014. Lipid profile was determined after overnight fast and dyslipidemia diagnosed according to the US National Cholesterol Education Program III criteria. Socio-demographic characteristics were also collected using a questionnaire. Data was analyzed using STATA; chi-square test, student’s t-test, ANOVA and logistic regressions were computed. RESULTS: Two hundred and nine participants were recruited including 157 (75.1 %) on HAART and 52 (24.9 %) HAART-naïve. Antiretrovirals were drugs containing two nucleoside backbones (zidovudine/ /lamivudine/tenofovir) with either a non-nucleoside (nevirapine/efavirenz) or a protease inhibitor (lopinavir). No patient was treated with statins. Their mean age was 43.4 (±11.0) years. The mean CD4(+) T cell count was 425 (±281) cells/μl after mean duration of HIV infection of 54.8 (±43.9) months and mean duration on ART of 63.7 (±41.4) months. The prevalence of total cholesterol (≥ 200 mg/dL) was 51.0 % in patients on HAART and 9.6 % pre-HAART patients (p < 0.0001), whereas LDL-cholesterol ≥ 130 mg/dL occurred in 36.9 % and in 7.7 % respectively, (p = 0.0001). Receiving HAART (adjusted odds ratio =6.24, 95 % CI: 2.33–17.45, p < 0.0001) and HIV duration of 42 months and more (aOR = 2.26, 95 % CI: 1.16–4.42, p = 0.017) were independently associated with total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dL. Receiving HAART (aOR = 5.28, 95 % CI: 1.17–16.32, p = 0.004) was independently associated with raised LDL-cholesterol values. The adjusted odds ratio (95 % CI) of BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m(2) versus BMI < 25.0 kg/m(2) was 3.25 (1.44–7.34) for triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL. CONCLUSION: HAART regimens were significantly associated with atherogenic lipid profile. Lipid profile should be monitored in HIV/AIDS patients on therapy so that any negative effects of HAART are optimally managed. BioMed Central 2015-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC4552364/ /pubmed/26315756 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12872-015-0090-5 Text en © Nsagha et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Nsagha, Dickson Shey
Weledji, Elroy Patrick
Assob, Nguedia Jules Clement
Njunda, Longdoh Anna
Tanue, Elvis Asangbeng
kibu, Odette Dzemo
Ayima, Charlotte Wenze
Ngowe, Marcelin Ngowe
Highly active antiretroviral therapy and dyslipidemia in people living with HIV/AIDS in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon
title Highly active antiretroviral therapy and dyslipidemia in people living with HIV/AIDS in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon
title_full Highly active antiretroviral therapy and dyslipidemia in people living with HIV/AIDS in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon
title_fullStr Highly active antiretroviral therapy and dyslipidemia in people living with HIV/AIDS in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon
title_full_unstemmed Highly active antiretroviral therapy and dyslipidemia in people living with HIV/AIDS in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon
title_short Highly active antiretroviral therapy and dyslipidemia in people living with HIV/AIDS in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon
title_sort highly active antiretroviral therapy and dyslipidemia in people living with hiv/aids in fako division, south west region of cameroon
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4552364/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26315756
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12872-015-0090-5
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