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Neurobehavioral perspectives on the distinction between fear and anxiety
In this review, we discuss the usefulness of the distinction between fear and anxiety. The clinical use of the labels is ambiguous, often defining one in terms of the other. We first consider what a useful, objective, and scientifically valid definition would entail and then evaluate several fear/an...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4561408/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26286652 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.039180.115 |
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author | Perusini, Jennifer N. Fanselow, Michael S. |
author_facet | Perusini, Jennifer N. Fanselow, Michael S. |
author_sort | Perusini, Jennifer N. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this review, we discuss the usefulness of the distinction between fear and anxiety. The clinical use of the labels is ambiguous, often defining one in terms of the other. We first consider what a useful, objective, and scientifically valid definition would entail and then evaluate several fear/anxiety distinctions that have been made in the neurobiological literature. A strong distinction should specify the difference in conditions that lead to fear versus anxiety. Additionally, fear and anxiety should generate distinct sets of behaviors. Ideally, the two states should be supported by distinguishable neuroanatomical circuits. Such a conceptualization would be consistent with the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoc). The majority of neurobiological approaches to the fear versus anxiety distinction fail to differentiate the two states in terms of behavior, often using the exact same behavioral measures as indicators. Of the two that do, only Predatory Imminence Theory provides a distinction both in terms of cause and effect. Indeed, that approach provides a ready distinction of anxiety, fear, and panic in terms of both antecedent conditions and response selection rules. Additionally, it appeals to distinct neural circuits to generate these modes of action. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4561408 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45614082016-09-01 Neurobehavioral perspectives on the distinction between fear and anxiety Perusini, Jennifer N. Fanselow, Michael S. Learn Mem Review In this review, we discuss the usefulness of the distinction between fear and anxiety. The clinical use of the labels is ambiguous, often defining one in terms of the other. We first consider what a useful, objective, and scientifically valid definition would entail and then evaluate several fear/anxiety distinctions that have been made in the neurobiological literature. A strong distinction should specify the difference in conditions that lead to fear versus anxiety. Additionally, fear and anxiety should generate distinct sets of behaviors. Ideally, the two states should be supported by distinguishable neuroanatomical circuits. Such a conceptualization would be consistent with the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoc). The majority of neurobiological approaches to the fear versus anxiety distinction fail to differentiate the two states in terms of behavior, often using the exact same behavioral measures as indicators. Of the two that do, only Predatory Imminence Theory provides a distinction both in terms of cause and effect. Indeed, that approach provides a ready distinction of anxiety, fear, and panic in terms of both antecedent conditions and response selection rules. Additionally, it appeals to distinct neural circuits to generate these modes of action. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2015-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4561408/ /pubmed/26286652 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.039180.115 Text en © 2015 Perusini and Fanselow; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first 12 months after the full-issue publication date (see http://learnmem.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After 12 months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Review Perusini, Jennifer N. Fanselow, Michael S. Neurobehavioral perspectives on the distinction between fear and anxiety |
title | Neurobehavioral perspectives on the distinction between fear and anxiety |
title_full | Neurobehavioral perspectives on the distinction between fear and anxiety |
title_fullStr | Neurobehavioral perspectives on the distinction between fear and anxiety |
title_full_unstemmed | Neurobehavioral perspectives on the distinction between fear and anxiety |
title_short | Neurobehavioral perspectives on the distinction between fear and anxiety |
title_sort | neurobehavioral perspectives on the distinction between fear and anxiety |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4561408/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26286652 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.039180.115 |
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