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A comparison of intranasal ketamine and intranasal midazolam for pediatric premedication

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study is to compare the efficacy and side-effects of Ketamine and Midazolam administered nasally for the pediatric premedication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 100 American Society of Anesthesiology I and II children aged from 1 to 10 years undergoing various...

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Autores principales: Narendra, P. L., Naphade, Ramesh W., Nallamilli, Samson, Mohd, Shanawaz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4563959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26417129
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0259-1162.154051
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author Narendra, P. L.
Naphade, Ramesh W.
Nallamilli, Samson
Mohd, Shanawaz
author_facet Narendra, P. L.
Naphade, Ramesh W.
Nallamilli, Samson
Mohd, Shanawaz
author_sort Narendra, P. L.
collection PubMed
description AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study is to compare the efficacy and side-effects of Ketamine and Midazolam administered nasally for the pediatric premedication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 100 American Society of Anesthesiology I and II children aged from 1 to 10 years undergoing various surgical procedures. Totally, 50 children were evaluated for nasal ketamine (using 50 mg/ml vials) at the dose of 5 mg/kg and the other 50 received nasal midazolam 0.2 mg/kg, before induction in operation theater each patient was observed for onset of sedation, degree of sedation, emotional status being recorded with a five point sedation scale, response to venipuncture and acceptance of mask, whether readily, with persuasion or refuse. RESULTS: The two groups were homogenous. Midazolam showed a statistically significant early onset of sedation (10.76 ± 2.0352 vs. 16.42 ± 2.0696 min). There were no significant differences in venipuncture score, sedation scale at 20 min, acceptance of mask and oxygen saturation throughout the study. Significant tachycardia and ‘secretions were observed in the ketamine group intra operatively. Postoperatively emergence (8% vs. 0%) and secretions (28% vs. 4%) were significant in the ketamine group. Nausea and vomiting occurred in l6% versus 10% for midazolam and ketamine group. CONCLUSIONS: Both midazolam and ketamine nasally are an effective pediatric premedication. Midazolam has an early onset of sedation and is associated with fewer side-effects.
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spelling pubmed-45639592015-09-28 A comparison of intranasal ketamine and intranasal midazolam for pediatric premedication Narendra, P. L. Naphade, Ramesh W. Nallamilli, Samson Mohd, Shanawaz Anesth Essays Res Original Article AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study is to compare the efficacy and side-effects of Ketamine and Midazolam administered nasally for the pediatric premedication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 100 American Society of Anesthesiology I and II children aged from 1 to 10 years undergoing various surgical procedures. Totally, 50 children were evaluated for nasal ketamine (using 50 mg/ml vials) at the dose of 5 mg/kg and the other 50 received nasal midazolam 0.2 mg/kg, before induction in operation theater each patient was observed for onset of sedation, degree of sedation, emotional status being recorded with a five point sedation scale, response to venipuncture and acceptance of mask, whether readily, with persuasion or refuse. RESULTS: The two groups were homogenous. Midazolam showed a statistically significant early onset of sedation (10.76 ± 2.0352 vs. 16.42 ± 2.0696 min). There were no significant differences in venipuncture score, sedation scale at 20 min, acceptance of mask and oxygen saturation throughout the study. Significant tachycardia and ‘secretions were observed in the ketamine group intra operatively. Postoperatively emergence (8% vs. 0%) and secretions (28% vs. 4%) were significant in the ketamine group. Nausea and vomiting occurred in l6% versus 10% for midazolam and ketamine group. CONCLUSIONS: Both midazolam and ketamine nasally are an effective pediatric premedication. Midazolam has an early onset of sedation and is associated with fewer side-effects. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2015 /pmc/articles/PMC4563959/ /pubmed/26417129 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0259-1162.154051 Text en Copyright: © Anesthesia: Essays and Researches http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Narendra, P. L.
Naphade, Ramesh W.
Nallamilli, Samson
Mohd, Shanawaz
A comparison of intranasal ketamine and intranasal midazolam for pediatric premedication
title A comparison of intranasal ketamine and intranasal midazolam for pediatric premedication
title_full A comparison of intranasal ketamine and intranasal midazolam for pediatric premedication
title_fullStr A comparison of intranasal ketamine and intranasal midazolam for pediatric premedication
title_full_unstemmed A comparison of intranasal ketamine and intranasal midazolam for pediatric premedication
title_short A comparison of intranasal ketamine and intranasal midazolam for pediatric premedication
title_sort comparison of intranasal ketamine and intranasal midazolam for pediatric premedication
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4563959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26417129
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0259-1162.154051
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