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Spatial Analysis of Neonatal Congenital Hypothyroidism and Nitrate as an Environmental Pollutant in Isfahan Province During 2010-2013
BACKGROUND: Thyroid absorption of iodine could be encumbered by nitrate drinking water when it is transported to the fetal thyroid gland. Therefore, nitrate potentially causes congenital hypothyroidism (CH) due to thyroid dysfunction. In this study, we have not only aimed at spatial determination of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4564903/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26425331 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2008-7802.162952 |
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author | Mehrnejat, Neda Yazdanpanah, Hojatollah Fadaei Nobari, Reza Hashemipour, Mahin Maracy, Mohammadreza Moafi, Mohammad Mousavian, Zahra |
author_facet | Mehrnejat, Neda Yazdanpanah, Hojatollah Fadaei Nobari, Reza Hashemipour, Mahin Maracy, Mohammadreza Moafi, Mohammad Mousavian, Zahra |
author_sort | Mehrnejat, Neda |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Thyroid absorption of iodine could be encumbered by nitrate drinking water when it is transported to the fetal thyroid gland. Therefore, nitrate potentially causes congenital hypothyroidism (CH) due to thyroid dysfunction. In this study, we have not only aimed at spatial determination of CH distribution and nitrate concentration (NC) existing in drinking water, but also we intended to evaluate the probable impact of nitrate on CH incidence. METHODS: Annual average of nitrate in drinking-water as well as number of CH infants diagnosed through the screening program were applied to determine the incidence ratio of the disease for each town (from 2010 to 2013). Afterward, Arc GIS 9.3 was used to draw choropleth maps with quantile classification. Data were entered into SPSS 16.0 and Excel 2010 software. Finally, linear regression was applied for data analysis. RESULTS: The incidence rate of CH (considering transient and permanent cases) was about one in every 413 births. Khansar, Golpaygan, Naein, and Ardestan had the highest incidence rate of CH respectively. On the other hand, Tiran, Dehaghan, Khansar, and Fereydan had the highest level of nitrate drinking water. There was a strong relationship between the NC and incidence of CH in Khansar; however, this relationship was not significant (P = 0.392) in Isfahan province. CONCLUSIONS: Since there was not a significant relationship between NC in drinking-water and incidence of CH through linear regression analysis, more studies should be implemented to confirm or refute our observations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4564903 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45649032015-09-30 Spatial Analysis of Neonatal Congenital Hypothyroidism and Nitrate as an Environmental Pollutant in Isfahan Province During 2010-2013 Mehrnejat, Neda Yazdanpanah, Hojatollah Fadaei Nobari, Reza Hashemipour, Mahin Maracy, Mohammadreza Moafi, Mohammad Mousavian, Zahra Int J Prev Med Original Article BACKGROUND: Thyroid absorption of iodine could be encumbered by nitrate drinking water when it is transported to the fetal thyroid gland. Therefore, nitrate potentially causes congenital hypothyroidism (CH) due to thyroid dysfunction. In this study, we have not only aimed at spatial determination of CH distribution and nitrate concentration (NC) existing in drinking water, but also we intended to evaluate the probable impact of nitrate on CH incidence. METHODS: Annual average of nitrate in drinking-water as well as number of CH infants diagnosed through the screening program were applied to determine the incidence ratio of the disease for each town (from 2010 to 2013). Afterward, Arc GIS 9.3 was used to draw choropleth maps with quantile classification. Data were entered into SPSS 16.0 and Excel 2010 software. Finally, linear regression was applied for data analysis. RESULTS: The incidence rate of CH (considering transient and permanent cases) was about one in every 413 births. Khansar, Golpaygan, Naein, and Ardestan had the highest incidence rate of CH respectively. On the other hand, Tiran, Dehaghan, Khansar, and Fereydan had the highest level of nitrate drinking water. There was a strong relationship between the NC and incidence of CH in Khansar; however, this relationship was not significant (P = 0.392) in Isfahan province. CONCLUSIONS: Since there was not a significant relationship between NC in drinking-water and incidence of CH through linear regression analysis, more studies should be implemented to confirm or refute our observations. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2015-08-14 /pmc/articles/PMC4564903/ /pubmed/26425331 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2008-7802.162952 Text en Copyright: © 2015 Mehrnejat N. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Mehrnejat, Neda Yazdanpanah, Hojatollah Fadaei Nobari, Reza Hashemipour, Mahin Maracy, Mohammadreza Moafi, Mohammad Mousavian, Zahra Spatial Analysis of Neonatal Congenital Hypothyroidism and Nitrate as an Environmental Pollutant in Isfahan Province During 2010-2013 |
title | Spatial Analysis of Neonatal Congenital Hypothyroidism and Nitrate as an Environmental Pollutant in Isfahan Province During 2010-2013 |
title_full | Spatial Analysis of Neonatal Congenital Hypothyroidism and Nitrate as an Environmental Pollutant in Isfahan Province During 2010-2013 |
title_fullStr | Spatial Analysis of Neonatal Congenital Hypothyroidism and Nitrate as an Environmental Pollutant in Isfahan Province During 2010-2013 |
title_full_unstemmed | Spatial Analysis of Neonatal Congenital Hypothyroidism and Nitrate as an Environmental Pollutant in Isfahan Province During 2010-2013 |
title_short | Spatial Analysis of Neonatal Congenital Hypothyroidism and Nitrate as an Environmental Pollutant in Isfahan Province During 2010-2013 |
title_sort | spatial analysis of neonatal congenital hypothyroidism and nitrate as an environmental pollutant in isfahan province during 2010-2013 |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4564903/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26425331 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2008-7802.162952 |
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