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The Genetic Basis of Composite Spike Form in Barley and ‘Miracle-Wheat’
Inflorescences of the tribe Triticeae, which includes wheat (Triticum sp. L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) are characterized by sessile spikelets directly borne on the main axis, thus forming a branchless spike. ‘Compositum-Barley’ and tetraploid ‘Miracle-Wheat’ (T. turgidum convar. compositum (L...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Genetics Society of America
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4566260/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26156223 http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.115.176628 |
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author | Poursarebani, Naser Seidensticker, Tina Koppolu, Ravi Trautewig, Corinna Gawroński, Piotr Bini, Federica Govind, Geetha Rutten, Twan Sakuma, Shun Tagiri, Akemi Wolde, Gizaw M. Youssef, Helmy M. Battal, Abdulhamit Ciannamea, Stefano Fusca, Tiziana Nussbaumer, Thomas Pozzi, Carlo Börner, Andreas Lundqvist, Udda Komatsuda, Takao Salvi, Silvio Tuberosa, Roberto Uauy, Cristobal Sreenivasulu, Nese Rossini, Laura Schnurbusch, Thorsten |
author_facet | Poursarebani, Naser Seidensticker, Tina Koppolu, Ravi Trautewig, Corinna Gawroński, Piotr Bini, Federica Govind, Geetha Rutten, Twan Sakuma, Shun Tagiri, Akemi Wolde, Gizaw M. Youssef, Helmy M. Battal, Abdulhamit Ciannamea, Stefano Fusca, Tiziana Nussbaumer, Thomas Pozzi, Carlo Börner, Andreas Lundqvist, Udda Komatsuda, Takao Salvi, Silvio Tuberosa, Roberto Uauy, Cristobal Sreenivasulu, Nese Rossini, Laura Schnurbusch, Thorsten |
author_sort | Poursarebani, Naser |
collection | PubMed |
description | Inflorescences of the tribe Triticeae, which includes wheat (Triticum sp. L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) are characterized by sessile spikelets directly borne on the main axis, thus forming a branchless spike. ‘Compositum-Barley’ and tetraploid ‘Miracle-Wheat’ (T. turgidum convar. compositum (L.f.) Filat.) display noncanonical spike-branching in which spikelets are replaced by lateral branch-like structures resembling small-sized secondary spikes. As a result of this branch formation ‘Miracle-Wheat’ produces significantly more grains per spike, leading to higher spike yield. In this study, we first isolated the gene underlying spike-branching in ‘Compositum-Barley,’ i.e., compositum 2 (com2). Moreover, we found that COM2 is orthologous to the branched head(t) (bh(t)) locus regulating spike branching in tetraploid ‘Miracle-Wheat.’ Both genes possess orthologs with similar functions in maize BRANCHED SILKLESS 1 (BD1) and rice FRIZZY PANICLE/BRANCHED FLORETLESS 1 (FZP/BFL1) encoding AP2/ERF transcription factors. Sequence analysis of the bh(t) locus in a collection of mutant and wild-type tetraploid wheat accessions revealed that a single amino acid substitution in the DNA-binding domain gave rise to the domestication of ‘Miracle-Wheat.’ mRNA in situ hybridization, microarray experiments, and independent qRT-PCR validation analyses revealed that the branch repression pathway in barley is governed through the spike architecture gene Six-rowed spike 4 regulating COM2 expression, while HvIDS1 (barley ortholog of maize INDETERMINATE SPIKELET 1) is a putative downstream target of COM2. These findings presented here provide new insights into the genetic basis of spike architecture in Triticeae, and have disclosed new targets for genetic manipulations aiming at boosting wheat’s yield potential. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4566260 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Genetics Society of America |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45662602015-09-14 The Genetic Basis of Composite Spike Form in Barley and ‘Miracle-Wheat’ Poursarebani, Naser Seidensticker, Tina Koppolu, Ravi Trautewig, Corinna Gawroński, Piotr Bini, Federica Govind, Geetha Rutten, Twan Sakuma, Shun Tagiri, Akemi Wolde, Gizaw M. Youssef, Helmy M. Battal, Abdulhamit Ciannamea, Stefano Fusca, Tiziana Nussbaumer, Thomas Pozzi, Carlo Börner, Andreas Lundqvist, Udda Komatsuda, Takao Salvi, Silvio Tuberosa, Roberto Uauy, Cristobal Sreenivasulu, Nese Rossini, Laura Schnurbusch, Thorsten Genetics Investigations Inflorescences of the tribe Triticeae, which includes wheat (Triticum sp. L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) are characterized by sessile spikelets directly borne on the main axis, thus forming a branchless spike. ‘Compositum-Barley’ and tetraploid ‘Miracle-Wheat’ (T. turgidum convar. compositum (L.f.) Filat.) display noncanonical spike-branching in which spikelets are replaced by lateral branch-like structures resembling small-sized secondary spikes. As a result of this branch formation ‘Miracle-Wheat’ produces significantly more grains per spike, leading to higher spike yield. In this study, we first isolated the gene underlying spike-branching in ‘Compositum-Barley,’ i.e., compositum 2 (com2). Moreover, we found that COM2 is orthologous to the branched head(t) (bh(t)) locus regulating spike branching in tetraploid ‘Miracle-Wheat.’ Both genes possess orthologs with similar functions in maize BRANCHED SILKLESS 1 (BD1) and rice FRIZZY PANICLE/BRANCHED FLORETLESS 1 (FZP/BFL1) encoding AP2/ERF transcription factors. Sequence analysis of the bh(t) locus in a collection of mutant and wild-type tetraploid wheat accessions revealed that a single amino acid substitution in the DNA-binding domain gave rise to the domestication of ‘Miracle-Wheat.’ mRNA in situ hybridization, microarray experiments, and independent qRT-PCR validation analyses revealed that the branch repression pathway in barley is governed through the spike architecture gene Six-rowed spike 4 regulating COM2 expression, while HvIDS1 (barley ortholog of maize INDETERMINATE SPIKELET 1) is a putative downstream target of COM2. These findings presented here provide new insights into the genetic basis of spike architecture in Triticeae, and have disclosed new targets for genetic manipulations aiming at boosting wheat’s yield potential. Genetics Society of America 2015-09 2015-07-07 /pmc/articles/PMC4566260/ /pubmed/26156223 http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.115.176628 Text en Copyright © 2015 by the Genetics Society of America Available freely online through the author-supported open access option. |
spellingShingle | Investigations Poursarebani, Naser Seidensticker, Tina Koppolu, Ravi Trautewig, Corinna Gawroński, Piotr Bini, Federica Govind, Geetha Rutten, Twan Sakuma, Shun Tagiri, Akemi Wolde, Gizaw M. Youssef, Helmy M. Battal, Abdulhamit Ciannamea, Stefano Fusca, Tiziana Nussbaumer, Thomas Pozzi, Carlo Börner, Andreas Lundqvist, Udda Komatsuda, Takao Salvi, Silvio Tuberosa, Roberto Uauy, Cristobal Sreenivasulu, Nese Rossini, Laura Schnurbusch, Thorsten The Genetic Basis of Composite Spike Form in Barley and ‘Miracle-Wheat’ |
title | The Genetic Basis of Composite Spike Form in Barley and ‘Miracle-Wheat’ |
title_full | The Genetic Basis of Composite Spike Form in Barley and ‘Miracle-Wheat’ |
title_fullStr | The Genetic Basis of Composite Spike Form in Barley and ‘Miracle-Wheat’ |
title_full_unstemmed | The Genetic Basis of Composite Spike Form in Barley and ‘Miracle-Wheat’ |
title_short | The Genetic Basis of Composite Spike Form in Barley and ‘Miracle-Wheat’ |
title_sort | genetic basis of composite spike form in barley and ‘miracle-wheat’ |
topic | Investigations |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4566260/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26156223 http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.115.176628 |
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