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Neurons for hunger and thirst transmit a negative-valence teaching signal
Homeostasis is a biological principle for regulation of essential physiological parameters within a set range. Behavioural responses due to deviation from homeostasis are critical for survival, but motivational processes engaged by physiological need states are incompletely understood. We examined m...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4567040/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25915020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14416 |
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author | Betley, J. Nicholas Xu, Shengjin Cao, Zhen Fang Huang Gong, Rong Magnus, Christopher J. Yu, Yang Sternson, Scott M. |
author_facet | Betley, J. Nicholas Xu, Shengjin Cao, Zhen Fang Huang Gong, Rong Magnus, Christopher J. Yu, Yang Sternson, Scott M. |
author_sort | Betley, J. Nicholas |
collection | PubMed |
description | Homeostasis is a biological principle for regulation of essential physiological parameters within a set range. Behavioural responses due to deviation from homeostasis are critical for survival, but motivational processes engaged by physiological need states are incompletely understood. We examined motivational characteristics and dynamics of two separate neuron populations that regulate energy and fluid homeostasis by using cell type-specific activity manipulations in mice. We found that starvation-sensitive AGRP neurons exhibit properties consistent with a negative-valence teaching signal. Mice avoided activation of AGRP neurons, indicating that AGRP neuron activity has negative valence. AGRP neuron inhibition conditioned preference for flavours and places. Correspondingly, deep-brain calcium imaging revealed that AGRP neuron activity rapidly reduced in response to food-related cues. Complementary experiments activating thirst-promoting neurons also conditioned avoidance. Therefore, these need-sensing neurons condition preference for environmental cues associated with nutrient or water ingestion, which is learned through reduction of negative-valence signals during restoration of homeostasis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4567040 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45670402015-11-14 Neurons for hunger and thirst transmit a negative-valence teaching signal Betley, J. Nicholas Xu, Shengjin Cao, Zhen Fang Huang Gong, Rong Magnus, Christopher J. Yu, Yang Sternson, Scott M. Nature Article Homeostasis is a biological principle for regulation of essential physiological parameters within a set range. Behavioural responses due to deviation from homeostasis are critical for survival, but motivational processes engaged by physiological need states are incompletely understood. We examined motivational characteristics and dynamics of two separate neuron populations that regulate energy and fluid homeostasis by using cell type-specific activity manipulations in mice. We found that starvation-sensitive AGRP neurons exhibit properties consistent with a negative-valence teaching signal. Mice avoided activation of AGRP neurons, indicating that AGRP neuron activity has negative valence. AGRP neuron inhibition conditioned preference for flavours and places. Correspondingly, deep-brain calcium imaging revealed that AGRP neuron activity rapidly reduced in response to food-related cues. Complementary experiments activating thirst-promoting neurons also conditioned avoidance. Therefore, these need-sensing neurons condition preference for environmental cues associated with nutrient or water ingestion, which is learned through reduction of negative-valence signals during restoration of homeostasis. 2015-04-27 2015-05-14 /pmc/articles/PMC4567040/ /pubmed/25915020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14416 Text en Reprints and permissions information is available at www.nature.com/reprints (http://www.nature.com/reprints) |
spellingShingle | Article Betley, J. Nicholas Xu, Shengjin Cao, Zhen Fang Huang Gong, Rong Magnus, Christopher J. Yu, Yang Sternson, Scott M. Neurons for hunger and thirst transmit a negative-valence teaching signal |
title | Neurons for hunger and thirst transmit a negative-valence teaching signal |
title_full | Neurons for hunger and thirst transmit a negative-valence teaching signal |
title_fullStr | Neurons for hunger and thirst transmit a negative-valence teaching signal |
title_full_unstemmed | Neurons for hunger and thirst transmit a negative-valence teaching signal |
title_short | Neurons for hunger and thirst transmit a negative-valence teaching signal |
title_sort | neurons for hunger and thirst transmit a negative-valence teaching signal |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4567040/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25915020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14416 |
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