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Common Pesticides Used in Suicide Attempts Following the 2012 Paraquat Ban in Korea

To determine the change in pesticides used during suicide attempts after the 2012 paraquat (PQ) ban, we evaluated the annual number of suicide attempts by pesticide ingestion between 2011 and 2014. We extracted demographic, clinical outcome, and pesticide class data from the medical records of 1,331...

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Autores principales: Lee, Jung-Won, Hwang, Il-Woong, Kim, Jae-Wook, Moon, Hyung-Jun, Kim, Ki-Hwan, Park, Suyeon, Gil, Hyo-Wook, Hong, Sae-Yong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4575944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26425052
http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2015.30.10.1517
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author Lee, Jung-Won
Hwang, Il-Woong
Kim, Jae-Wook
Moon, Hyung-Jun
Kim, Ki-Hwan
Park, Suyeon
Gil, Hyo-Wook
Hong, Sae-Yong
author_facet Lee, Jung-Won
Hwang, Il-Woong
Kim, Jae-Wook
Moon, Hyung-Jun
Kim, Ki-Hwan
Park, Suyeon
Gil, Hyo-Wook
Hong, Sae-Yong
author_sort Lee, Jung-Won
collection PubMed
description To determine the change in pesticides used during suicide attempts after the 2012 paraquat (PQ) ban, we evaluated the annual number of suicide attempts by pesticide ingestion between 2011 and 2014. We extracted demographic, clinical outcome, and pesticide class data from the medical records of 1,331 patients that attempted suicide by pesticide ingestion. Pesticides were sorted into 5 groups: herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, other pesticides, and combined pesticides. Each group was subdivided into various classes based on publications by the respective Resistance Action Committees. The chi-square test for trends was used to compare the annual incidence of categorical variables. The total number of suicide attempts decreased each year, from 399 in 2011 to 245 in 2014. Simultaneously, PQ ingestion decreased from 253 patients in 2011 to 60 in 2014. The proportion of PQ to pesticides also decreased from 63.4% in 2011 to 24.5% in 2014. Furthermore, the rate of decrease in the proportion of PQ to all herbicide categories increased by calendar year. In conclusion, there is a significant trend in increased annual number of suicides and proportion of suicides using glyphosates and glufosinates versus total herbicides. However, the number of suicide attempts using glyphosate and glufosinate is lower than that using PQ. The ratio of persons completing suicide to those attempting suicide after pesticide ingestion has decreased every year after the PQ ban. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text]
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spelling pubmed-45759442015-10-01 Common Pesticides Used in Suicide Attempts Following the 2012 Paraquat Ban in Korea Lee, Jung-Won Hwang, Il-Woong Kim, Jae-Wook Moon, Hyung-Jun Kim, Ki-Hwan Park, Suyeon Gil, Hyo-Wook Hong, Sae-Yong J Korean Med Sci Original Article To determine the change in pesticides used during suicide attempts after the 2012 paraquat (PQ) ban, we evaluated the annual number of suicide attempts by pesticide ingestion between 2011 and 2014. We extracted demographic, clinical outcome, and pesticide class data from the medical records of 1,331 patients that attempted suicide by pesticide ingestion. Pesticides were sorted into 5 groups: herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, other pesticides, and combined pesticides. Each group was subdivided into various classes based on publications by the respective Resistance Action Committees. The chi-square test for trends was used to compare the annual incidence of categorical variables. The total number of suicide attempts decreased each year, from 399 in 2011 to 245 in 2014. Simultaneously, PQ ingestion decreased from 253 patients in 2011 to 60 in 2014. The proportion of PQ to pesticides also decreased from 63.4% in 2011 to 24.5% in 2014. Furthermore, the rate of decrease in the proportion of PQ to all herbicide categories increased by calendar year. In conclusion, there is a significant trend in increased annual number of suicides and proportion of suicides using glyphosates and glufosinates versus total herbicides. However, the number of suicide attempts using glyphosate and glufosinate is lower than that using PQ. The ratio of persons completing suicide to those attempting suicide after pesticide ingestion has decreased every year after the PQ ban. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2015-10 2015-09-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4575944/ /pubmed/26425052 http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2015.30.10.1517 Text en © 2015 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Lee, Jung-Won
Hwang, Il-Woong
Kim, Jae-Wook
Moon, Hyung-Jun
Kim, Ki-Hwan
Park, Suyeon
Gil, Hyo-Wook
Hong, Sae-Yong
Common Pesticides Used in Suicide Attempts Following the 2012 Paraquat Ban in Korea
title Common Pesticides Used in Suicide Attempts Following the 2012 Paraquat Ban in Korea
title_full Common Pesticides Used in Suicide Attempts Following the 2012 Paraquat Ban in Korea
title_fullStr Common Pesticides Used in Suicide Attempts Following the 2012 Paraquat Ban in Korea
title_full_unstemmed Common Pesticides Used in Suicide Attempts Following the 2012 Paraquat Ban in Korea
title_short Common Pesticides Used in Suicide Attempts Following the 2012 Paraquat Ban in Korea
title_sort common pesticides used in suicide attempts following the 2012 paraquat ban in korea
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4575944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26425052
http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2015.30.10.1517
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