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Utilizing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to understand the actions of estrogens in human neurons

This article is part of a Special Issue “Estradiol and Cognition”. Over recent years tremendous progress has been made towards understanding the molecular and cellular mechanism by which estrogens exert enhancing effects on cognition, and how they act as a neuroprotective or neurotrophic agent in di...

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Autores principales: Shum, Carole, Macedo, Sara C., Warre-Cornish, Katherine, Cocks, Graham, Price, Jack, Srivastava, Deepak P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Academic Press 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4579404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26143621
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.06.014
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author Shum, Carole
Macedo, Sara C.
Warre-Cornish, Katherine
Cocks, Graham
Price, Jack
Srivastava, Deepak P.
author_facet Shum, Carole
Macedo, Sara C.
Warre-Cornish, Katherine
Cocks, Graham
Price, Jack
Srivastava, Deepak P.
author_sort Shum, Carole
collection PubMed
description This article is part of a Special Issue “Estradiol and Cognition”. Over recent years tremendous progress has been made towards understanding the molecular and cellular mechanism by which estrogens exert enhancing effects on cognition, and how they act as a neuroprotective or neurotrophic agent in disease. Currently, much of this work has been carried out in animal models with only a limited number of studies using native human tissue or cells. Recent advances in stem cell technology now make it possible to reprogram somatic cells from humans into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which can subsequently be differentiated into neurons of specific lineages. Importantly, the reprogramming of cells allows for the generation of iPSCs that retain the genetic “makeup” of the donor. Therefore, it is possible to generate iPSC-derived neurons from patients diagnosed with specific diseases, that harbor the complex genetic background associated with the disorder. Here, we review the iPSC technology and how it's currently being used to model neural development and neurological diseases. Furthermore, we explore whether this cellular system could be used to understand the role of estrogens in human neurons, and present preliminary data in support of this. We further suggest that the use of iPSC technology offers a novel system to not only further understand estrogens' effects in human cells, but also to investigate the mechanism by which estrogens are beneficial in disease. Developing a greater understanding of these mechanisms in native human cells will also aid in the development of safer and more effective estrogen-based therapeutics.
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spelling pubmed-45794042015-10-26 Utilizing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to understand the actions of estrogens in human neurons Shum, Carole Macedo, Sara C. Warre-Cornish, Katherine Cocks, Graham Price, Jack Srivastava, Deepak P. Horm Behav Article This article is part of a Special Issue “Estradiol and Cognition”. Over recent years tremendous progress has been made towards understanding the molecular and cellular mechanism by which estrogens exert enhancing effects on cognition, and how they act as a neuroprotective or neurotrophic agent in disease. Currently, much of this work has been carried out in animal models with only a limited number of studies using native human tissue or cells. Recent advances in stem cell technology now make it possible to reprogram somatic cells from humans into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which can subsequently be differentiated into neurons of specific lineages. Importantly, the reprogramming of cells allows for the generation of iPSCs that retain the genetic “makeup” of the donor. Therefore, it is possible to generate iPSC-derived neurons from patients diagnosed with specific diseases, that harbor the complex genetic background associated with the disorder. Here, we review the iPSC technology and how it's currently being used to model neural development and neurological diseases. Furthermore, we explore whether this cellular system could be used to understand the role of estrogens in human neurons, and present preliminary data in support of this. We further suggest that the use of iPSC technology offers a novel system to not only further understand estrogens' effects in human cells, but also to investigate the mechanism by which estrogens are beneficial in disease. Developing a greater understanding of these mechanisms in native human cells will also aid in the development of safer and more effective estrogen-based therapeutics. Academic Press 2015-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4579404/ /pubmed/26143621 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.06.014 Text en © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Shum, Carole
Macedo, Sara C.
Warre-Cornish, Katherine
Cocks, Graham
Price, Jack
Srivastava, Deepak P.
Utilizing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to understand the actions of estrogens in human neurons
title Utilizing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to understand the actions of estrogens in human neurons
title_full Utilizing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to understand the actions of estrogens in human neurons
title_fullStr Utilizing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to understand the actions of estrogens in human neurons
title_full_unstemmed Utilizing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to understand the actions of estrogens in human neurons
title_short Utilizing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to understand the actions of estrogens in human neurons
title_sort utilizing induced pluripotent stem cells (ipscs) to understand the actions of estrogens in human neurons
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4579404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26143621
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.06.014
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