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Enthesopathies and enthesitis. Part 1. Etiopathogenesis
The pathologies of tendon and ligament attachments are called enthesopathies. One of its types is enthesitis which is a characteristic sign of peripheral spondyloarthropathy. Clinical diagnosis of enthesitis is based on rather non-specific clinical signs and results of laboratory tests. Imaging exam...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Medical Communications Sp. z o.o.
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4579704/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26674568 http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/JoU.2015.0006 |
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author | Sudoł-Szopińska, Iwona Kwiatkowska, Brygida Prochorec-Sobieszek, Monika Maśliński, Włodzimierz |
author_facet | Sudoł-Szopińska, Iwona Kwiatkowska, Brygida Prochorec-Sobieszek, Monika Maśliński, Włodzimierz |
author_sort | Sudoł-Szopińska, Iwona |
collection | PubMed |
description | The pathologies of tendon and ligament attachments are called enthesopathies. One of its types is enthesitis which is a characteristic sign of peripheral spondyloarthropathy. Clinical diagnosis of enthesitis is based on rather non-specific clinical signs and results of laboratory tests. Imaging examinations are highly promising. Numerous publications prove that enthesitis can be differentiated from other enthesopathic processes in an ultrasound examination or magnetic resonance imaging. However, some reports indicate the lack of histological criteria, specific immunological changes and features in imaging examinations that would allow the clinical diagnosis of enthesitis to be confirmed. The first part of the publication presents theories on the etiopathogenesis of enthesopathies: inflammatory, mechanical, autoimmune, genetic and associated with the synovio-entheseal complex, as well as theories on the formation of enthesophytes: inflammatory, molecular and mechanical. The second part of the paper is a review of the state-of-the-art on the ability of imaging examinations to diagnose enthesitis. It indicates that none of the criteria of inflammation used in imaging medicine is specific for this pathology. As enthesitis may be the only symptom of early spondyloarthropathy (particularly in patients with absent HLA-B27 receptor), the lack of its unambiguous picture in ultrasound and magnetic resonance scans prompts the search for other signs characteristic of this disease and more specific markers in imaging in order to establish diagnosis as early as possible. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4579704 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45797042015-12-15 Enthesopathies and enthesitis. Part 1. Etiopathogenesis Sudoł-Szopińska, Iwona Kwiatkowska, Brygida Prochorec-Sobieszek, Monika Maśliński, Włodzimierz J Ultrason Review The pathologies of tendon and ligament attachments are called enthesopathies. One of its types is enthesitis which is a characteristic sign of peripheral spondyloarthropathy. Clinical diagnosis of enthesitis is based on rather non-specific clinical signs and results of laboratory tests. Imaging examinations are highly promising. Numerous publications prove that enthesitis can be differentiated from other enthesopathic processes in an ultrasound examination or magnetic resonance imaging. However, some reports indicate the lack of histological criteria, specific immunological changes and features in imaging examinations that would allow the clinical diagnosis of enthesitis to be confirmed. The first part of the publication presents theories on the etiopathogenesis of enthesopathies: inflammatory, mechanical, autoimmune, genetic and associated with the synovio-entheseal complex, as well as theories on the formation of enthesophytes: inflammatory, molecular and mechanical. The second part of the paper is a review of the state-of-the-art on the ability of imaging examinations to diagnose enthesitis. It indicates that none of the criteria of inflammation used in imaging medicine is specific for this pathology. As enthesitis may be the only symptom of early spondyloarthropathy (particularly in patients with absent HLA-B27 receptor), the lack of its unambiguous picture in ultrasound and magnetic resonance scans prompts the search for other signs characteristic of this disease and more specific markers in imaging in order to establish diagnosis as early as possible. Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. 2015-03-30 2015-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4579704/ /pubmed/26674568 http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/JoU.2015.0006 Text en 2015 Polish Ultrasound Society. Published by Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND). Reproduction is permitted for personal, educational, non-commercial use, provided that the original article is in whole, unmodified, and properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Sudoł-Szopińska, Iwona Kwiatkowska, Brygida Prochorec-Sobieszek, Monika Maśliński, Włodzimierz Enthesopathies and enthesitis. Part 1. Etiopathogenesis |
title | Enthesopathies and enthesitis. Part 1. Etiopathogenesis |
title_full | Enthesopathies and enthesitis. Part 1. Etiopathogenesis |
title_fullStr | Enthesopathies and enthesitis. Part 1. Etiopathogenesis |
title_full_unstemmed | Enthesopathies and enthesitis. Part 1. Etiopathogenesis |
title_short | Enthesopathies and enthesitis. Part 1. Etiopathogenesis |
title_sort | enthesopathies and enthesitis. part 1. etiopathogenesis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4579704/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26674568 http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/JoU.2015.0006 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT sudołszopinskaiwona enthesopathiesandenthesitispart1etiopathogenesis AT kwiatkowskabrygida enthesopathiesandenthesitispart1etiopathogenesis AT prochorecsobieszekmonika enthesopathiesandenthesitispart1etiopathogenesis AT maslinskiwłodzimierz enthesopathiesandenthesitispart1etiopathogenesis |