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The Rapid Emergence of Novel Therapeutics in Advanced Malignant Melanoma

For decades, no cancer therapy had been shown to improve average survival in metastatic melanoma. Two critical events have occurred, the discovery of melanoma driver mutation subsets and the discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have allowed for the development of modern, effective therap...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: John, Lijo, Cowey, C. Lance
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Healthcare 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4580658/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26387031
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13555-015-0080-7
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author John, Lijo
Cowey, C. Lance
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Cowey, C. Lance
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description For decades, no cancer therapy had been shown to improve average survival in metastatic melanoma. Two critical events have occurred, the discovery of melanoma driver mutation subsets and the discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have allowed for the development of modern, effective therapies. These findings have facilitated a rapid emergence of novel therapeutics for the disease with multiple FDA approvals in the last several years. The drugs vemurafenib, trametinib, and dabrafenib, which inhibit the commonly mutated BRAF pathway, have been approved based on improvements in survival outcomes. Agents that block immune checkpoints on lymphocytes allowing for immune cell activity against melanoma have also been approved based on improved survival outcomes such as ipilimumab and nivolumab. Pembrolizumab, another immune checkpoint inhibitor, has also been approved based on the response rate and duration of response in a phase 1 trial. Further agents and combinations of approved agents are positioned to possibly further increase this tally of approved drugs. This review will discuss recently approved novel agents and select drugs in development in advanced melanoma.
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spelling pubmed-45806582015-09-25 The Rapid Emergence of Novel Therapeutics in Advanced Malignant Melanoma John, Lijo Cowey, C. Lance Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) Review For decades, no cancer therapy had been shown to improve average survival in metastatic melanoma. Two critical events have occurred, the discovery of melanoma driver mutation subsets and the discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have allowed for the development of modern, effective therapies. These findings have facilitated a rapid emergence of novel therapeutics for the disease with multiple FDA approvals in the last several years. The drugs vemurafenib, trametinib, and dabrafenib, which inhibit the commonly mutated BRAF pathway, have been approved based on improvements in survival outcomes. Agents that block immune checkpoints on lymphocytes allowing for immune cell activity against melanoma have also been approved based on improved survival outcomes such as ipilimumab and nivolumab. Pembrolizumab, another immune checkpoint inhibitor, has also been approved based on the response rate and duration of response in a phase 1 trial. Further agents and combinations of approved agents are positioned to possibly further increase this tally of approved drugs. This review will discuss recently approved novel agents and select drugs in development in advanced melanoma. Springer Healthcare 2015-09-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4580658/ /pubmed/26387031 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13555-015-0080-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2015 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Review
John, Lijo
Cowey, C. Lance
The Rapid Emergence of Novel Therapeutics in Advanced Malignant Melanoma
title The Rapid Emergence of Novel Therapeutics in Advanced Malignant Melanoma
title_full The Rapid Emergence of Novel Therapeutics in Advanced Malignant Melanoma
title_fullStr The Rapid Emergence of Novel Therapeutics in Advanced Malignant Melanoma
title_full_unstemmed The Rapid Emergence of Novel Therapeutics in Advanced Malignant Melanoma
title_short The Rapid Emergence of Novel Therapeutics in Advanced Malignant Melanoma
title_sort rapid emergence of novel therapeutics in advanced malignant melanoma
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4580658/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26387031
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13555-015-0080-7
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