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Ethanol versus Phytochemicals in Wine: Oral Cancer Risk in a Light Drinking Perspective
This narrative review aims to summarize the current controversy on the balance between ethanol and phytochemicals in wine, focusing on light drinking and oral cancer. Extensive literature search included PUBMED and EMBASE databases to identify in human studies and systematic reviews (up to March 201...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4581183/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26225960 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms160817029 |
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author | Varoni, Elena M. Lodi, Giovanni Iriti, Marcello |
author_facet | Varoni, Elena M. Lodi, Giovanni Iriti, Marcello |
author_sort | Varoni, Elena M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | This narrative review aims to summarize the current controversy on the balance between ethanol and phytochemicals in wine, focusing on light drinking and oral cancer. Extensive literature search included PUBMED and EMBASE databases to identify in human studies and systematic reviews (up to March 2015), which contributed to elucidate this issue. Independently from the type of beverage, meta-analyses considering light drinking (≤1 drinks/day or ≤12.5 g/day of ethanol) reported relative risks (RR) for oral, oro-pharyngeal, or upper aero-digestive tract cancers, ranging from 1.0 to 1.3. One meta-analysis measured the overall wine-specific RR, which corresponded to 2.1. Although little evidence exists on light wine intake, phytochemicals seem not to affect oral cancer risk, being probably present below the effective dosages and/or due to their low bioavailability. As expected, the risk of oral cancer, even in light drinking conditions, increases when associated with smoking habit and high-risk genotypes of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4581183 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45811832015-09-28 Ethanol versus Phytochemicals in Wine: Oral Cancer Risk in a Light Drinking Perspective Varoni, Elena M. Lodi, Giovanni Iriti, Marcello Int J Mol Sci Review This narrative review aims to summarize the current controversy on the balance between ethanol and phytochemicals in wine, focusing on light drinking and oral cancer. Extensive literature search included PUBMED and EMBASE databases to identify in human studies and systematic reviews (up to March 2015), which contributed to elucidate this issue. Independently from the type of beverage, meta-analyses considering light drinking (≤1 drinks/day or ≤12.5 g/day of ethanol) reported relative risks (RR) for oral, oro-pharyngeal, or upper aero-digestive tract cancers, ranging from 1.0 to 1.3. One meta-analysis measured the overall wine-specific RR, which corresponded to 2.1. Although little evidence exists on light wine intake, phytochemicals seem not to affect oral cancer risk, being probably present below the effective dosages and/or due to their low bioavailability. As expected, the risk of oral cancer, even in light drinking conditions, increases when associated with smoking habit and high-risk genotypes of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases. MDPI 2015-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4581183/ /pubmed/26225960 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms160817029 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Varoni, Elena M. Lodi, Giovanni Iriti, Marcello Ethanol versus Phytochemicals in Wine: Oral Cancer Risk in a Light Drinking Perspective |
title | Ethanol versus Phytochemicals in Wine: Oral Cancer Risk in a Light Drinking Perspective |
title_full | Ethanol versus Phytochemicals in Wine: Oral Cancer Risk in a Light Drinking Perspective |
title_fullStr | Ethanol versus Phytochemicals in Wine: Oral Cancer Risk in a Light Drinking Perspective |
title_full_unstemmed | Ethanol versus Phytochemicals in Wine: Oral Cancer Risk in a Light Drinking Perspective |
title_short | Ethanol versus Phytochemicals in Wine: Oral Cancer Risk in a Light Drinking Perspective |
title_sort | ethanol versus phytochemicals in wine: oral cancer risk in a light drinking perspective |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4581183/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26225960 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms160817029 |
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