Effects of a Macro-Nutrient Preload on Type 2 Diabetic Patients

AIMS: Macro-nutrient preloads given 30 min before regular meals may improve metabolism. The aim was to investigate how type 2 diabetic patients react to a preload consisting of a blend of macro-nutrients with a low-glycemic index (Inzone Preload(®)). METHODS: In a before–after study design, 30 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were enrolled in a 12-week program. All subjects were given Inzone Preload (43% proteins, 29% carbohydrates, 10% lipids, and 9% fibers, 71 kcal), 30 min before each meal during 12 weeks. Fasting glucose and postprandial 2 h glucose were monitored every second week. Body weight (BW) and waist circumference were measured each month. Fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum lipids, fasting insulin, C-reactive protein, and homeostasis model assessment were evaluated before and after the intervention. Subjective appetite was monitored using visual analogue scales after the Inzone Preload. RESULTS: The dietary intervention significantly influenced several metabolic parameters compared to base line. Inzone Preload treatment reduced mean postprandial plasma glucose levels (12.2 ± 1.2 vs. 10.5 ± 2.0 mmol/L), HbA1c (7.4 ± 0.3 vs. 7.1 ± 0.2%), mean total cholesterol (4.8 ± 0.9 vs. 4.3 ± 0.8 mmol/L), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (2.8 ± 0.6 vs. 2.5 ± 0.4 mmol/L), and CRP (1.5 ± 1.4 vs. 0.7 ± 0.7 mg/L). BW loss of more than 3% was seen in 13 participants (43%). Feelings of satiety were significantly higher after Inzone Preload than after habitual breakfast (p < 0.05). No significant changes in fasting blood glucose, high-density lipoprotein and total triacylglycerol, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β were observed. CONCLUSION: A macro-nutrient preload treatment reduces postprandial glucose, inflammatory markers, and serum lipids in patients with T2DM. Approximately half of the study group also displayed reduced BW.