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Intestinal Microbiota and the Innate Immune System – A Crosstalk in Crohn’s Disease Pathogenesis

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorder that can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract. The precise etiology of CD is still unclear but it is widely accepted that a complex series of interactions between susceptibility genes, the immune system and environmental f...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Haag, Lea-Maxie, Siegmund, Britta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4585200/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26441993
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00489
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author Haag, Lea-Maxie
Siegmund, Britta
author_facet Haag, Lea-Maxie
Siegmund, Britta
author_sort Haag, Lea-Maxie
collection PubMed
description Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorder that can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract. The precise etiology of CD is still unclear but it is widely accepted that a complex series of interactions between susceptibility genes, the immune system and environmental factors are implicated in the onset and perpetuation of the disease. Increasing evidence from experimental and clinical studies implies the intestinal microbiota in disease pathogenesis, thereby supporting the hypothesis that chronic intestinal inflammation arises from an abnormal immune response against the microorganisms of the intestinal flora in genetically susceptible individuals. Given that CD patients display changes in their gut microbiota composition, collectively termed “dysbiosis,” the question raises whether the altered microbiota composition is a cause of disease or rather a consequence of the inflammatory state of the intestinal environment. This review will focus on the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the innate immune system during intestinal inflammation, thereby unraveling the role of the microbiota in CD pathogenesis.
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spelling pubmed-45852002015-10-05 Intestinal Microbiota and the Innate Immune System – A Crosstalk in Crohn’s Disease Pathogenesis Haag, Lea-Maxie Siegmund, Britta Front Immunol Immunology Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorder that can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract. The precise etiology of CD is still unclear but it is widely accepted that a complex series of interactions between susceptibility genes, the immune system and environmental factors are implicated in the onset and perpetuation of the disease. Increasing evidence from experimental and clinical studies implies the intestinal microbiota in disease pathogenesis, thereby supporting the hypothesis that chronic intestinal inflammation arises from an abnormal immune response against the microorganisms of the intestinal flora in genetically susceptible individuals. Given that CD patients display changes in their gut microbiota composition, collectively termed “dysbiosis,” the question raises whether the altered microbiota composition is a cause of disease or rather a consequence of the inflammatory state of the intestinal environment. This review will focus on the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the innate immune system during intestinal inflammation, thereby unraveling the role of the microbiota in CD pathogenesis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4585200/ /pubmed/26441993 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00489 Text en Copyright © 2015 Haag and Siegmund. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Haag, Lea-Maxie
Siegmund, Britta
Intestinal Microbiota and the Innate Immune System – A Crosstalk in Crohn’s Disease Pathogenesis
title Intestinal Microbiota and the Innate Immune System – A Crosstalk in Crohn’s Disease Pathogenesis
title_full Intestinal Microbiota and the Innate Immune System – A Crosstalk in Crohn’s Disease Pathogenesis
title_fullStr Intestinal Microbiota and the Innate Immune System – A Crosstalk in Crohn’s Disease Pathogenesis
title_full_unstemmed Intestinal Microbiota and the Innate Immune System – A Crosstalk in Crohn’s Disease Pathogenesis
title_short Intestinal Microbiota and the Innate Immune System – A Crosstalk in Crohn’s Disease Pathogenesis
title_sort intestinal microbiota and the innate immune system – a crosstalk in crohn’s disease pathogenesis
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4585200/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26441993
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00489
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