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The Diverse Forms of Lactose Intolerance and the Putative Linkage to Several Cancers

Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) is a membrane glycoprotein and the only β-galactosidase of the brush border membrane of the intestinal epithelium. Besides active transcription, expression of the active LPH requires different maturation steps of the polypeptide through the secretory pathway, includ...

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Autores principales: Amiri, Mahdi, Diekmann, Lena, von Köckritz-Blickwede, Maren, Naim, Hassan Y.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4586527/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26343715
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7095332
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author Amiri, Mahdi
Diekmann, Lena
von Köckritz-Blickwede, Maren
Naim, Hassan Y.
author_facet Amiri, Mahdi
Diekmann, Lena
von Köckritz-Blickwede, Maren
Naim, Hassan Y.
author_sort Amiri, Mahdi
collection PubMed
description Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) is a membrane glycoprotein and the only β-galactosidase of the brush border membrane of the intestinal epithelium. Besides active transcription, expression of the active LPH requires different maturation steps of the polypeptide through the secretory pathway, including N- and O-glycosylation, dimerization and proteolytic cleavage steps. The inability to digest lactose due to insufficient lactase activity results in gastrointestinal symptoms known as lactose intolerance. In this review, we will concentrate on the structural and functional features of LPH protein and summarize the cellular and molecular mechanism required for its maturation and trafficking. Then, different types of lactose intolerance are discussed, and the molecular aspects of lactase persistence/non-persistence phenotypes are investigated. Finally, we will review the literature focusing on the lactase persistence/non-persistence populations as a comparative model in order to determine the protective or adverse effects of milk and dairy foods on the incidence of colorectal, ovarian and prostate cancers.
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spelling pubmed-45865272015-10-06 The Diverse Forms of Lactose Intolerance and the Putative Linkage to Several Cancers Amiri, Mahdi Diekmann, Lena von Köckritz-Blickwede, Maren Naim, Hassan Y. Nutrients Review Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) is a membrane glycoprotein and the only β-galactosidase of the brush border membrane of the intestinal epithelium. Besides active transcription, expression of the active LPH requires different maturation steps of the polypeptide through the secretory pathway, including N- and O-glycosylation, dimerization and proteolytic cleavage steps. The inability to digest lactose due to insufficient lactase activity results in gastrointestinal symptoms known as lactose intolerance. In this review, we will concentrate on the structural and functional features of LPH protein and summarize the cellular and molecular mechanism required for its maturation and trafficking. Then, different types of lactose intolerance are discussed, and the molecular aspects of lactase persistence/non-persistence phenotypes are investigated. Finally, we will review the literature focusing on the lactase persistence/non-persistence populations as a comparative model in order to determine the protective or adverse effects of milk and dairy foods on the incidence of colorectal, ovarian and prostate cancers. MDPI 2015-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC4586527/ /pubmed/26343715 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7095332 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Amiri, Mahdi
Diekmann, Lena
von Köckritz-Blickwede, Maren
Naim, Hassan Y.
The Diverse Forms of Lactose Intolerance and the Putative Linkage to Several Cancers
title The Diverse Forms of Lactose Intolerance and the Putative Linkage to Several Cancers
title_full The Diverse Forms of Lactose Intolerance and the Putative Linkage to Several Cancers
title_fullStr The Diverse Forms of Lactose Intolerance and the Putative Linkage to Several Cancers
title_full_unstemmed The Diverse Forms of Lactose Intolerance and the Putative Linkage to Several Cancers
title_short The Diverse Forms of Lactose Intolerance and the Putative Linkage to Several Cancers
title_sort diverse forms of lactose intolerance and the putative linkage to several cancers
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4586527/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26343715
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7095332
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