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Origin of worldwide cultivated barley revealed by NAM-1 gene and grain protein content
The origin, evolution, and distribution of cultivated barley provides powerful insights into the historic origin and early spread of agrarian culture. Here, population-based genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses were performed to determine the evolution and origin of barley and how domesticati...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4588695/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26483818 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00803 |
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author | Wang, Yonggang Ren, Xifeng Sun, Dongfa Sun, Genlou |
author_facet | Wang, Yonggang Ren, Xifeng Sun, Dongfa Sun, Genlou |
author_sort | Wang, Yonggang |
collection | PubMed |
description | The origin, evolution, and distribution of cultivated barley provides powerful insights into the historic origin and early spread of agrarian culture. Here, population-based genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses were performed to determine the evolution and origin of barley and how domestication and subsequent introgression have affected the genetic diversity and changes in cultivated barley on a worldwide scale. A set of worldwide cultivated and wild barleys from Asia and Tibet of China were analyzed using the sequences for NAM-1 gene and gene-associated traits-grain protein content (GPC). Our results showed Tibetan wild barley distinctly diverged from Near Eastern barley, and confirmed that Tibet is one of the origin and domestication centers for cultivated barley, and in turn supported a polyphyletic origin of domesticated barley. Comparison of haplotype composition among geographic regions revealed gene flow between Eastern and Western barley populations, suggesting that the Silk Road might have played a crucial role in the spread of genes. The GPC in the 118 cultivated and 93 wild barley accessions ranged from 6.73 to 12.35% with a mean of 9.43%. Overall, wild barley had higher averaged GPC (10.44%) than cultivated barley. Two unique haplotypes (Hap2 and Hap7) caused by a base mutations (at position 544) in the coding region of the NAM-1 gene might have a significant impact on the GPC. Single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes of NAM-1 associated with GPC in barley could provide a useful method for screening GPC in barley germplasm. The Tibetan wild accessions with lower GPC could be useful for malt barley breeding. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4588695 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45886952015-10-19 Origin of worldwide cultivated barley revealed by NAM-1 gene and grain protein content Wang, Yonggang Ren, Xifeng Sun, Dongfa Sun, Genlou Front Plant Sci Plant Science The origin, evolution, and distribution of cultivated barley provides powerful insights into the historic origin and early spread of agrarian culture. Here, population-based genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses were performed to determine the evolution and origin of barley and how domestication and subsequent introgression have affected the genetic diversity and changes in cultivated barley on a worldwide scale. A set of worldwide cultivated and wild barleys from Asia and Tibet of China were analyzed using the sequences for NAM-1 gene and gene-associated traits-grain protein content (GPC). Our results showed Tibetan wild barley distinctly diverged from Near Eastern barley, and confirmed that Tibet is one of the origin and domestication centers for cultivated barley, and in turn supported a polyphyletic origin of domesticated barley. Comparison of haplotype composition among geographic regions revealed gene flow between Eastern and Western barley populations, suggesting that the Silk Road might have played a crucial role in the spread of genes. The GPC in the 118 cultivated and 93 wild barley accessions ranged from 6.73 to 12.35% with a mean of 9.43%. Overall, wild barley had higher averaged GPC (10.44%) than cultivated barley. Two unique haplotypes (Hap2 and Hap7) caused by a base mutations (at position 544) in the coding region of the NAM-1 gene might have a significant impact on the GPC. Single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes of NAM-1 associated with GPC in barley could provide a useful method for screening GPC in barley germplasm. The Tibetan wild accessions with lower GPC could be useful for malt barley breeding. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4588695/ /pubmed/26483818 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00803 Text en Copyright © 2015 Wang, Ren, Sun and Sun. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Wang, Yonggang Ren, Xifeng Sun, Dongfa Sun, Genlou Origin of worldwide cultivated barley revealed by NAM-1 gene and grain protein content |
title | Origin of worldwide cultivated barley revealed by NAM-1 gene and grain protein content |
title_full | Origin of worldwide cultivated barley revealed by NAM-1 gene and grain protein content |
title_fullStr | Origin of worldwide cultivated barley revealed by NAM-1 gene and grain protein content |
title_full_unstemmed | Origin of worldwide cultivated barley revealed by NAM-1 gene and grain protein content |
title_short | Origin of worldwide cultivated barley revealed by NAM-1 gene and grain protein content |
title_sort | origin of worldwide cultivated barley revealed by nam-1 gene and grain protein content |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4588695/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26483818 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00803 |
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