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Evidence for abnormal cytokine expression in Gulf War Illness: A preliminary analysis of daily immune monitoring data

BACKGROUND: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a clinically heterogeneous chronic condition that affects many veterans of the 1990–1991 Persian Gulf War. One of the most prevalent and debilitating symptoms of GWI is abnormal fatigue. The mechanisms underlying GWI generally, and fatigue symptoms specifically,...

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Autores principales: Parkitny, Luke, Middleton, Stephanie, Baker, Katharine, Younger, Jarred
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4589096/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26420016
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12865-015-0122-z
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author Parkitny, Luke
Middleton, Stephanie
Baker, Katharine
Younger, Jarred
author_facet Parkitny, Luke
Middleton, Stephanie
Baker, Katharine
Younger, Jarred
author_sort Parkitny, Luke
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a clinically heterogeneous chronic condition that affects many veterans of the 1990–1991 Persian Gulf War. One of the most prevalent and debilitating symptoms of GWI is abnormal fatigue. The mechanisms underlying GWI generally, and fatigue symptoms specifically, have yet to be conclusively identified, although immune system abnormalities are suspected to be involved. The first goal of this immune monitoring study was to determine if GWI is associated with higher absolute levels and daily variability of pro-inflammatory immune factors. The second goal was to explore the relationship between day-to-day immune marker fluctuations and daily self-reported fatigue severity. METHODS: We recruited veterans with GWI and healthy veteran control (HV) participants to provide self-reported fatigue severity data and blood samples, over 25 consecutive days. We profiled inflammatory processes by using a longitudinal, daily immune-monitoring approach. For each day, serum cytokine and chemokine concentrations were determined using multiplex assays. RESULTS: Seven veterans with GWI and eight healthy veteran control (HV) participants completed the study protocol. We found that GWI was associated with higher variability in the expression of eotaxin-1 (p < 0.001). For GWI participants, higher fatigue severity days were associated with greater IL-1β (p = 0.008) and IL-15 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide preliminary evidence that the immune system is involved in the pathophysiology of GWI. Longitudinal immune profiling approaches may be helpful in discovering targets for novel therapies in conditions such as GWI.
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spelling pubmed-45890962015-10-01 Evidence for abnormal cytokine expression in Gulf War Illness: A preliminary analysis of daily immune monitoring data Parkitny, Luke Middleton, Stephanie Baker, Katharine Younger, Jarred BMC Immunol Research Article BACKGROUND: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a clinically heterogeneous chronic condition that affects many veterans of the 1990–1991 Persian Gulf War. One of the most prevalent and debilitating symptoms of GWI is abnormal fatigue. The mechanisms underlying GWI generally, and fatigue symptoms specifically, have yet to be conclusively identified, although immune system abnormalities are suspected to be involved. The first goal of this immune monitoring study was to determine if GWI is associated with higher absolute levels and daily variability of pro-inflammatory immune factors. The second goal was to explore the relationship between day-to-day immune marker fluctuations and daily self-reported fatigue severity. METHODS: We recruited veterans with GWI and healthy veteran control (HV) participants to provide self-reported fatigue severity data and blood samples, over 25 consecutive days. We profiled inflammatory processes by using a longitudinal, daily immune-monitoring approach. For each day, serum cytokine and chemokine concentrations were determined using multiplex assays. RESULTS: Seven veterans with GWI and eight healthy veteran control (HV) participants completed the study protocol. We found that GWI was associated with higher variability in the expression of eotaxin-1 (p < 0.001). For GWI participants, higher fatigue severity days were associated with greater IL-1β (p = 0.008) and IL-15 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide preliminary evidence that the immune system is involved in the pathophysiology of GWI. Longitudinal immune profiling approaches may be helpful in discovering targets for novel therapies in conditions such as GWI. BioMed Central 2015-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4589096/ /pubmed/26420016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12865-015-0122-z Text en © Parkitny et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Parkitny, Luke
Middleton, Stephanie
Baker, Katharine
Younger, Jarred
Evidence for abnormal cytokine expression in Gulf War Illness: A preliminary analysis of daily immune monitoring data
title Evidence for abnormal cytokine expression in Gulf War Illness: A preliminary analysis of daily immune monitoring data
title_full Evidence for abnormal cytokine expression in Gulf War Illness: A preliminary analysis of daily immune monitoring data
title_fullStr Evidence for abnormal cytokine expression in Gulf War Illness: A preliminary analysis of daily immune monitoring data
title_full_unstemmed Evidence for abnormal cytokine expression in Gulf War Illness: A preliminary analysis of daily immune monitoring data
title_short Evidence for abnormal cytokine expression in Gulf War Illness: A preliminary analysis of daily immune monitoring data
title_sort evidence for abnormal cytokine expression in gulf war illness: a preliminary analysis of daily immune monitoring data
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4589096/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26420016
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12865-015-0122-z
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