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Biochemical Effects of Xylazine, Propofol, and Ketamine in West African Dwarf Goats
Anaesthesia was induced in West African Dwarf (WAD) goats using different combinations of propofol (P), xylazine (X), and ketamine (K), and the biochemical effect of the drugs determined. Twenty male (WAD) goats were randomly assigned to five treatment groups viz. Control (C) (2.5 mL IV normal salin...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2014
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590834/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26464940 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/758581 |
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author | Celestine Okwudili, Ukwueze Athanasius Chinedu, Eze Jonas Anayo, Ona |
author_facet | Celestine Okwudili, Ukwueze Athanasius Chinedu, Eze Jonas Anayo, Ona |
author_sort | Celestine Okwudili, Ukwueze |
collection | PubMed |
description | Anaesthesia was induced in West African Dwarf (WAD) goats using different combinations of propofol (P), xylazine (X), and ketamine (K), and the biochemical effect of the drugs determined. Twenty male (WAD) goats were randomly assigned to five treatment groups viz. Control (C) (2.5 mL IV normal saline); group K + X (5 mg/kg IV ketamine + 0.05 mg/kg IV xylazine), group P + X (5 mg/kg IV propofol + 0.05 mg/kg IV xylazine), group P + K (propofol 5 mg/kg IV + ketamine 5 mg/kg IV), and group P + K + X (propofol 2.5 mg/kg IV + ketamine 2.5 mg/kg IV + xylazine 0.05 mg/kg IV), respectively. There was increase (P < 0.05) in blood glucose in K + X, P + X and P + K + X. The serum cortisol level increased (P < 0.05) in all groups except in P + X. ALT value increased (P < 0.05) in K + X, P + K, and P + K + X. BUN increased (P < 0.05) in K + X but decreased (P < 0.05) in P + K + X. There was no significant variation (P > 0.05) in serum creatinine. These biochemical changes were transient. P + K + X would be the best drug combinations considering the biochemical parameter measured. However, data on blood glucose, ALT, BUN, and cortisol levels in an anaesthsized goat should be interpreted with caution in order to avoid erroneous interpretation in these animals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4590834 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45908342015-10-13 Biochemical Effects of Xylazine, Propofol, and Ketamine in West African Dwarf Goats Celestine Okwudili, Ukwueze Athanasius Chinedu, Eze Jonas Anayo, Ona J Vet Med Research Article Anaesthesia was induced in West African Dwarf (WAD) goats using different combinations of propofol (P), xylazine (X), and ketamine (K), and the biochemical effect of the drugs determined. Twenty male (WAD) goats were randomly assigned to five treatment groups viz. Control (C) (2.5 mL IV normal saline); group K + X (5 mg/kg IV ketamine + 0.05 mg/kg IV xylazine), group P + X (5 mg/kg IV propofol + 0.05 mg/kg IV xylazine), group P + K (propofol 5 mg/kg IV + ketamine 5 mg/kg IV), and group P + K + X (propofol 2.5 mg/kg IV + ketamine 2.5 mg/kg IV + xylazine 0.05 mg/kg IV), respectively. There was increase (P < 0.05) in blood glucose in K + X, P + X and P + K + X. The serum cortisol level increased (P < 0.05) in all groups except in P + X. ALT value increased (P < 0.05) in K + X, P + K, and P + K + X. BUN increased (P < 0.05) in K + X but decreased (P < 0.05) in P + K + X. There was no significant variation (P > 0.05) in serum creatinine. These biochemical changes were transient. P + K + X would be the best drug combinations considering the biochemical parameter measured. However, data on blood glucose, ALT, BUN, and cortisol levels in an anaesthsized goat should be interpreted with caution in order to avoid erroneous interpretation in these animals. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 2014-09-11 /pmc/articles/PMC4590834/ /pubmed/26464940 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/758581 Text en Copyright © 2014 Ukwueze Celestine Okwudili et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Celestine Okwudili, Ukwueze Athanasius Chinedu, Eze Jonas Anayo, Ona Biochemical Effects of Xylazine, Propofol, and Ketamine in West African Dwarf Goats |
title | Biochemical Effects of Xylazine, Propofol, and Ketamine in West African Dwarf Goats |
title_full | Biochemical Effects of Xylazine, Propofol, and Ketamine in West African Dwarf Goats |
title_fullStr | Biochemical Effects of Xylazine, Propofol, and Ketamine in West African Dwarf Goats |
title_full_unstemmed | Biochemical Effects of Xylazine, Propofol, and Ketamine in West African Dwarf Goats |
title_short | Biochemical Effects of Xylazine, Propofol, and Ketamine in West African Dwarf Goats |
title_sort | biochemical effects of xylazine, propofol, and ketamine in west african dwarf goats |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590834/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26464940 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/758581 |
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