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Developmental Immunotoxicity, Perinatal Programming, and Noncommunicable Diseases: Focus on Human Studies

Developmental immunotoxicity (DIT) is a term given to encompass the environmentally induced disruption of normal immune development resulting in adverse outcomes. A myriad of chemical, physical, and psychological factors can all contribute to DIT. As a core component of the developmental origins of...

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Autor principal: Dietert, Rodney R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590951/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26556429
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/867805
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author Dietert, Rodney R.
author_facet Dietert, Rodney R.
author_sort Dietert, Rodney R.
collection PubMed
description Developmental immunotoxicity (DIT) is a term given to encompass the environmentally induced disruption of normal immune development resulting in adverse outcomes. A myriad of chemical, physical, and psychological factors can all contribute to DIT. As a core component of the developmental origins of adult disease, DIT is interlinked with three important concepts surrounding health risks across a lifetime: (1) the Barker Hypothesis, which connects prenatal development to later-life diseases, (2) the hygiene hypothesis, which connects newborns and infants to risk of later-life diseases and, (3) fetal programming and epigenetic alterations, which may exert effects both in later life and across future generations. This review of DIT considers: (1) the history and context of DIT research, (2) the fundamental features of DIT, (3) the emerging role of DIT in risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and (4) the range of risk factors that have been investigated through human research. The emphasis on the human DIT-related literature is significant since most prior reviews of DIT have largely focused on animal research and considerations of specific categories of risk factors (e.g., heavy metals). Risk factors considered in this review include air pollution, aluminum, antibiotics, arsenic, bisphenol A, ethanol, lead (Pb), maternal smoking and environmental tobacco smoke, paracetamol (acetaminophen), pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polyfluorinated compounds.
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spelling pubmed-45909512015-10-13 Developmental Immunotoxicity, Perinatal Programming, and Noncommunicable Diseases: Focus on Human Studies Dietert, Rodney R. Adv Med Review Article Developmental immunotoxicity (DIT) is a term given to encompass the environmentally induced disruption of normal immune development resulting in adverse outcomes. A myriad of chemical, physical, and psychological factors can all contribute to DIT. As a core component of the developmental origins of adult disease, DIT is interlinked with three important concepts surrounding health risks across a lifetime: (1) the Barker Hypothesis, which connects prenatal development to later-life diseases, (2) the hygiene hypothesis, which connects newborns and infants to risk of later-life diseases and, (3) fetal programming and epigenetic alterations, which may exert effects both in later life and across future generations. This review of DIT considers: (1) the history and context of DIT research, (2) the fundamental features of DIT, (3) the emerging role of DIT in risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and (4) the range of risk factors that have been investigated through human research. The emphasis on the human DIT-related literature is significant since most prior reviews of DIT have largely focused on animal research and considerations of specific categories of risk factors (e.g., heavy metals). Risk factors considered in this review include air pollution, aluminum, antibiotics, arsenic, bisphenol A, ethanol, lead (Pb), maternal smoking and environmental tobacco smoke, paracetamol (acetaminophen), pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polyfluorinated compounds. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 2014-01-23 /pmc/articles/PMC4590951/ /pubmed/26556429 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/867805 Text en Copyright © 2014 Rodney R. Dietert. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Dietert, Rodney R.
Developmental Immunotoxicity, Perinatal Programming, and Noncommunicable Diseases: Focus on Human Studies
title Developmental Immunotoxicity, Perinatal Programming, and Noncommunicable Diseases: Focus on Human Studies
title_full Developmental Immunotoxicity, Perinatal Programming, and Noncommunicable Diseases: Focus on Human Studies
title_fullStr Developmental Immunotoxicity, Perinatal Programming, and Noncommunicable Diseases: Focus on Human Studies
title_full_unstemmed Developmental Immunotoxicity, Perinatal Programming, and Noncommunicable Diseases: Focus on Human Studies
title_short Developmental Immunotoxicity, Perinatal Programming, and Noncommunicable Diseases: Focus on Human Studies
title_sort developmental immunotoxicity, perinatal programming, and noncommunicable diseases: focus on human studies
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590951/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26556429
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/867805
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