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Time to First Cigarette and Hypertension in Korean Male Smokers
BACKGROUND: Morning blood pressure surge affects to cardiovascular disease risk. Short time to first cigarette (TTFC) after waking can enhance morning blood pressure surge, and accelerate atherosclerosis METHODS: We investigated that the relationship between TTFC and blood pressure. The study subjec...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Korean Academy of Family Medicine
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4591387/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26435812 http://dx.doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2015.36.5.221 |
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author | Lee, Saerom Jang, Miae Noh, Hye-Mi Oh, Hye-Young Song, Hong Ji Park, Kyung Hee Paek, Yu-Jin |
author_facet | Lee, Saerom Jang, Miae Noh, Hye-Mi Oh, Hye-Young Song, Hong Ji Park, Kyung Hee Paek, Yu-Jin |
author_sort | Lee, Saerom |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Morning blood pressure surge affects to cardiovascular disease risk. Short time to first cigarette (TTFC) after waking can enhance morning blood pressure surge, and accelerate atherosclerosis METHODS: We investigated that the relationship between TTFC and blood pressure. The study subjects included male current smokers (n=211) who had health check-up in Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital from July to September, 2014. We categorized the subjects into 2 groups according to TTFC; early TTFC (TTFC <30 minutes) and late TTFC (TTFC ≥30 minutes), and the subjects who were taking antihypertensive medications or had a high blood pressure (>140 mm Hg or 90 mm Hg) were defined as hypertensive group. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval to investigate the association between TTFC and hypertensive group. RESULTS: Compared with late TTFC, early TTFC had higher odds (odds ratio [OR], 3.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.89-7.94) for hypertensive group. After adjusting confounding factors, early TTFC was significantly associated with an increased risk of hypertension (OR, 4.43; 95% CI, 1.84-10.70). CONCLUSION: early TTFC after waking is associated with hypertension. It suggests delaying TTFC might help to control of blood pressure among the current smokers who are not ready to immediately quit smoking. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4591387 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | The Korean Academy of Family Medicine |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45913872015-10-04 Time to First Cigarette and Hypertension in Korean Male Smokers Lee, Saerom Jang, Miae Noh, Hye-Mi Oh, Hye-Young Song, Hong Ji Park, Kyung Hee Paek, Yu-Jin Korean J Fam Med Original Article BACKGROUND: Morning blood pressure surge affects to cardiovascular disease risk. Short time to first cigarette (TTFC) after waking can enhance morning blood pressure surge, and accelerate atherosclerosis METHODS: We investigated that the relationship between TTFC and blood pressure. The study subjects included male current smokers (n=211) who had health check-up in Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital from July to September, 2014. We categorized the subjects into 2 groups according to TTFC; early TTFC (TTFC <30 minutes) and late TTFC (TTFC ≥30 minutes), and the subjects who were taking antihypertensive medications or had a high blood pressure (>140 mm Hg or 90 mm Hg) were defined as hypertensive group. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval to investigate the association between TTFC and hypertensive group. RESULTS: Compared with late TTFC, early TTFC had higher odds (odds ratio [OR], 3.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.89-7.94) for hypertensive group. After adjusting confounding factors, early TTFC was significantly associated with an increased risk of hypertension (OR, 4.43; 95% CI, 1.84-10.70). CONCLUSION: early TTFC after waking is associated with hypertension. It suggests delaying TTFC might help to control of blood pressure among the current smokers who are not ready to immediately quit smoking. The Korean Academy of Family Medicine 2015-09 2015-09-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4591387/ /pubmed/26435812 http://dx.doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2015.36.5.221 Text en Copyright © 2015 The Korean Academy of Family Medicine http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Lee, Saerom Jang, Miae Noh, Hye-Mi Oh, Hye-Young Song, Hong Ji Park, Kyung Hee Paek, Yu-Jin Time to First Cigarette and Hypertension in Korean Male Smokers |
title | Time to First Cigarette and Hypertension in Korean Male Smokers |
title_full | Time to First Cigarette and Hypertension in Korean Male Smokers |
title_fullStr | Time to First Cigarette and Hypertension in Korean Male Smokers |
title_full_unstemmed | Time to First Cigarette and Hypertension in Korean Male Smokers |
title_short | Time to First Cigarette and Hypertension in Korean Male Smokers |
title_sort | time to first cigarette and hypertension in korean male smokers |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4591387/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26435812 http://dx.doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2015.36.5.221 |
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