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Mechanisms of Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by NK Cells: Role of Glutathione
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), continues to be one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the world. There is an upward trend in occurrence due to emerging multidrug resistant strains and an increasingly larger proportion of immunocompromised patient populatio...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4593255/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26500648 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00508 |
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author | Allen, Michael Bailey, Cedric Cahatol, Ian Dodge, Levi Yim, Jay Kassissa, Christine Luong, Jennifer Kasko, Sarah Pandya, Shalin Venketaraman, Vishwanath |
author_facet | Allen, Michael Bailey, Cedric Cahatol, Ian Dodge, Levi Yim, Jay Kassissa, Christine Luong, Jennifer Kasko, Sarah Pandya, Shalin Venketaraman, Vishwanath |
author_sort | Allen, Michael |
collection | PubMed |
description | Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), continues to be one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the world. There is an upward trend in occurrence due to emerging multidrug resistant strains and an increasingly larger proportion of immunocompromised patient populations as a result of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome pandemic. The complex and often deadly combination of multidrug resistant M. tb (MDR-M. tb) along with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) puts a significant number of people at high risk for pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB without sufficient therapeutic options available. Natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages are major components of the body’s innate immune system, contributing significantly to the body’s ability to synergistically inhibit the growth of M. tb in immune compromised individuals lacking a sufficient T cell response. Direct mechanisms of control are largely through the secretory products perforin, granulysin, and granzymes, as well as multiple membrane-bound death receptors that facilitate target directed lysis. NK cells also have a role in indirectly stimulating an immune response through activation of macrophages and monocytes with multiple signaling pathways, including both reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. Glutathione (GSH) has been shown to play a part in inhibiting the growth of intracellular M. tb through bacteriostatic mechanisms. Enhancing cellular GSH through several cytokines and N-acetyl cysteine has been shown to increase these effects, at least in part, through their action on NK cells. Taken together, there is substantial evidence for a mechanistic correlation between NK cell activity and functionality in combating M. tb in HIV infection mediated through adequate GSH production and use. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4593255 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45932552015-10-23 Mechanisms of Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by NK Cells: Role of Glutathione Allen, Michael Bailey, Cedric Cahatol, Ian Dodge, Levi Yim, Jay Kassissa, Christine Luong, Jennifer Kasko, Sarah Pandya, Shalin Venketaraman, Vishwanath Front Immunol Immunology Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), continues to be one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the world. There is an upward trend in occurrence due to emerging multidrug resistant strains and an increasingly larger proportion of immunocompromised patient populations as a result of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome pandemic. The complex and often deadly combination of multidrug resistant M. tb (MDR-M. tb) along with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) puts a significant number of people at high risk for pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB without sufficient therapeutic options available. Natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages are major components of the body’s innate immune system, contributing significantly to the body’s ability to synergistically inhibit the growth of M. tb in immune compromised individuals lacking a sufficient T cell response. Direct mechanisms of control are largely through the secretory products perforin, granulysin, and granzymes, as well as multiple membrane-bound death receptors that facilitate target directed lysis. NK cells also have a role in indirectly stimulating an immune response through activation of macrophages and monocytes with multiple signaling pathways, including both reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. Glutathione (GSH) has been shown to play a part in inhibiting the growth of intracellular M. tb through bacteriostatic mechanisms. Enhancing cellular GSH through several cytokines and N-acetyl cysteine has been shown to increase these effects, at least in part, through their action on NK cells. Taken together, there is substantial evidence for a mechanistic correlation between NK cell activity and functionality in combating M. tb in HIV infection mediated through adequate GSH production and use. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4593255/ /pubmed/26500648 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00508 Text en Copyright © 2015 Allen, Bailey, Cahatol, Dodge, Yim, Kassissa, Luong, Kasko, Pandya and Venketaraman. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Allen, Michael Bailey, Cedric Cahatol, Ian Dodge, Levi Yim, Jay Kassissa, Christine Luong, Jennifer Kasko, Sarah Pandya, Shalin Venketaraman, Vishwanath Mechanisms of Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by NK Cells: Role of Glutathione |
title | Mechanisms of Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by NK Cells: Role of Glutathione |
title_full | Mechanisms of Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by NK Cells: Role of Glutathione |
title_fullStr | Mechanisms of Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by NK Cells: Role of Glutathione |
title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by NK Cells: Role of Glutathione |
title_short | Mechanisms of Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by NK Cells: Role of Glutathione |
title_sort | mechanisms of control of mycobacterium tuberculosis by nk cells: role of glutathione |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4593255/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26500648 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00508 |
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