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Histochemical Detection of Acetogenins and Storage Molecules in the Endosperm of Annona Macroprophyllata Donn Sm. Seeds

Acetogenins (ACGs) are bioactive compounds with cytotoxic properties in different cell lines. They are antitumoural, antiparasitic, antimalarial, insecticidal, antimicrobial, anti-fungal and antibacterial. These secondary metabolites function in plant defence and are found in specific organelles and...

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Autores principales: Hernández, G. Laguna, Franco, A.E. Brechú, De-la-Cruz-Chacón, I., González-Esquinca, A.R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PAGEPress Publications, Pavia, Italy 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4598593/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26428881
http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2015.2502
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author Hernández, G. Laguna
Franco, A.E. Brechú
De-la-Cruz-Chacón, I.
González-Esquinca, A.R.
author_facet Hernández, G. Laguna
Franco, A.E. Brechú
De-la-Cruz-Chacón, I.
González-Esquinca, A.R.
author_sort Hernández, G. Laguna
collection PubMed
description Acetogenins (ACGs) are bioactive compounds with cytotoxic properties in different cell lines. They are antitumoural, antiparasitic, antimalarial, insecticidal, antimicrobial, anti-fungal and antibacterial. These secondary metabolites function in plant defence and are found in specific organelles and specific cells, thereby preventing toxicity to the plant itself and permitting site-specific defence. The aim of this work was to histochemically determine the in situ localisation of ACGs in the endosperm of Annona macroprophyllata seeds using Kedde’s reagent. Additionally, the co-localisation of ACGs with other storage molecules was analysed. The seeds were analysed after 6 and 10 days of imbibition, when 1 or 2 cm of the radicle had emerged and metabolism was fully established. The seeds were then transversally cut in half at the midline and processed using different histological and histochemical techniques. Positive reactions with Kedde’s reagent were only observed in fresh, unfixed sections that were preserved in water, and staining was found only in the large cells (the idioblasts) at the periphery of the endosperm. The ACGs’ positive reaction with Sudan III corroborated their lipid nature. Paraffin sections stained with Naphthol Blue Black showed reactions in the endosperm parenchyma cells and stained the proteoplasts blue, indicating that they might correspond to storage sites for albumin-like proteins. Lugol’s iodine, which is similar in chemical composition to Wagner’s reagent, caused a golden brown reaction product in the cytoplasm of the idioblasts, which may indicate the presence of alkaloids. Based on these results, we propose that Kedde’s reagent is an appropriate histochemical stain for detecting ACGs in situ in idioblasts and that idioblasts store ACGs and probably alkaloids. ACGs that are located in idioblasts found in restricted, peripheral areas of the endosperm could serve as a barrier that protects the seeds against insects and pathogen attack.
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spelling pubmed-45985932015-10-23 Histochemical Detection of Acetogenins and Storage Molecules in the Endosperm of Annona Macroprophyllata Donn Sm. Seeds Hernández, G. Laguna Franco, A.E. Brechú De-la-Cruz-Chacón, I. González-Esquinca, A.R. Eur J Histochem Technical Note Acetogenins (ACGs) are bioactive compounds with cytotoxic properties in different cell lines. They are antitumoural, antiparasitic, antimalarial, insecticidal, antimicrobial, anti-fungal and antibacterial. These secondary metabolites function in plant defence and are found in specific organelles and specific cells, thereby preventing toxicity to the plant itself and permitting site-specific defence. The aim of this work was to histochemically determine the in situ localisation of ACGs in the endosperm of Annona macroprophyllata seeds using Kedde’s reagent. Additionally, the co-localisation of ACGs with other storage molecules was analysed. The seeds were analysed after 6 and 10 days of imbibition, when 1 or 2 cm of the radicle had emerged and metabolism was fully established. The seeds were then transversally cut in half at the midline and processed using different histological and histochemical techniques. Positive reactions with Kedde’s reagent were only observed in fresh, unfixed sections that were preserved in water, and staining was found only in the large cells (the idioblasts) at the periphery of the endosperm. The ACGs’ positive reaction with Sudan III corroborated their lipid nature. Paraffin sections stained with Naphthol Blue Black showed reactions in the endosperm parenchyma cells and stained the proteoplasts blue, indicating that they might correspond to storage sites for albumin-like proteins. Lugol’s iodine, which is similar in chemical composition to Wagner’s reagent, caused a golden brown reaction product in the cytoplasm of the idioblasts, which may indicate the presence of alkaloids. Based on these results, we propose that Kedde’s reagent is an appropriate histochemical stain for detecting ACGs in situ in idioblasts and that idioblasts store ACGs and probably alkaloids. ACGs that are located in idioblasts found in restricted, peripheral areas of the endosperm could serve as a barrier that protects the seeds against insects and pathogen attack. PAGEPress Publications, Pavia, Italy 2015-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4598593/ /pubmed/26428881 http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2015.2502 Text en ©Copyright G.L. Hernández et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Technical Note
Hernández, G. Laguna
Franco, A.E. Brechú
De-la-Cruz-Chacón, I.
González-Esquinca, A.R.
Histochemical Detection of Acetogenins and Storage Molecules in the Endosperm of Annona Macroprophyllata Donn Sm. Seeds
title Histochemical Detection of Acetogenins and Storage Molecules in the Endosperm of Annona Macroprophyllata Donn Sm. Seeds
title_full Histochemical Detection of Acetogenins and Storage Molecules in the Endosperm of Annona Macroprophyllata Donn Sm. Seeds
title_fullStr Histochemical Detection of Acetogenins and Storage Molecules in the Endosperm of Annona Macroprophyllata Donn Sm. Seeds
title_full_unstemmed Histochemical Detection of Acetogenins and Storage Molecules in the Endosperm of Annona Macroprophyllata Donn Sm. Seeds
title_short Histochemical Detection of Acetogenins and Storage Molecules in the Endosperm of Annona Macroprophyllata Donn Sm. Seeds
title_sort histochemical detection of acetogenins and storage molecules in the endosperm of annona macroprophyllata donn sm. seeds
topic Technical Note
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4598593/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26428881
http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2015.2502
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