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Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing
Matrix rigidity sensing regulates a large variety of cellular processes and has important implications for tissue development and disease. However, how cells probe matrix rigidity, and hence respond to it, remains unclear. Here, we show that rigidity sensing and adaptation emerge naturally from acti...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4599139/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26109233 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8525 |
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author | Gupta, Mukund Sarangi, Bibhu Ranjan Deschamps, Joran Nematbakhsh, Yasaman Callan-Jones, Andrew Margadant, Felix Mège, René-Marc Lim, Chwee Teck Voituriez, Raphaël Ladoux, Benoît |
author_facet | Gupta, Mukund Sarangi, Bibhu Ranjan Deschamps, Joran Nematbakhsh, Yasaman Callan-Jones, Andrew Margadant, Felix Mège, René-Marc Lim, Chwee Teck Voituriez, Raphaël Ladoux, Benoît |
author_sort | Gupta, Mukund |
collection | PubMed |
description | Matrix rigidity sensing regulates a large variety of cellular processes and has important implications for tissue development and disease. However, how cells probe matrix rigidity, and hence respond to it, remains unclear. Here, we show that rigidity sensing and adaptation emerge naturally from actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Our in vitro experiments and theoretical modeling demonstrate a bi-phasic rheology of the actin cytoskeleton, which transitions from fluid on soft substrates to solid on stiffer ones. Furthermore, we find that increasing substrate stiffness correlates with the emergence of an orientational order in actin stress fibers, which exhibit an isotropic to nematic transition that we characterize quantitatively in the framework of active matter theory. These findings imply mechanisms mediated by a large-scale reinforcement of actin structures under stress, which could be the mechanical drivers of substrate stiffness dependent cell shape changes and cell polarity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4599139 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45991392015-12-25 Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing Gupta, Mukund Sarangi, Bibhu Ranjan Deschamps, Joran Nematbakhsh, Yasaman Callan-Jones, Andrew Margadant, Felix Mège, René-Marc Lim, Chwee Teck Voituriez, Raphaël Ladoux, Benoît Nat Commun Article Matrix rigidity sensing regulates a large variety of cellular processes and has important implications for tissue development and disease. However, how cells probe matrix rigidity, and hence respond to it, remains unclear. Here, we show that rigidity sensing and adaptation emerge naturally from actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Our in vitro experiments and theoretical modeling demonstrate a bi-phasic rheology of the actin cytoskeleton, which transitions from fluid on soft substrates to solid on stiffer ones. Furthermore, we find that increasing substrate stiffness correlates with the emergence of an orientational order in actin stress fibers, which exhibit an isotropic to nematic transition that we characterize quantitatively in the framework of active matter theory. These findings imply mechanisms mediated by a large-scale reinforcement of actin structures under stress, which could be the mechanical drivers of substrate stiffness dependent cell shape changes and cell polarity. 2015-06-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4599139/ /pubmed/26109233 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8525 Text en Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms |
spellingShingle | Article Gupta, Mukund Sarangi, Bibhu Ranjan Deschamps, Joran Nematbakhsh, Yasaman Callan-Jones, Andrew Margadant, Felix Mège, René-Marc Lim, Chwee Teck Voituriez, Raphaël Ladoux, Benoît Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing |
title | Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing |
title_full | Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing |
title_fullStr | Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing |
title_full_unstemmed | Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing |
title_short | Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing |
title_sort | adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4599139/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26109233 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8525 |
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