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Prolonged B Cell Depletion With Rituximab is Effective in Treating Refractory Pulmonary Granulomatous Inflammation in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (GPA)

Pulmonary nodule formation is a frequent feature of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Traditional induction therapy includes methotrexate or cyclophosphamide, however, pulmonary nodules generally respond slower than vasculitic components of disease. Efficacy of rituximab (RTX) solely for the t...

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Autores principales: Henderson, Scott R., Copley, Susan J., Pusey, Charles D., Ind, Philip W., Salama, Alan D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer Health 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4602771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25501085
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000000229
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author Henderson, Scott R.
Copley, Susan J.
Pusey, Charles D.
Ind, Philip W.
Salama, Alan D.
author_facet Henderson, Scott R.
Copley, Susan J.
Pusey, Charles D.
Ind, Philip W.
Salama, Alan D.
author_sort Henderson, Scott R.
collection PubMed
description Pulmonary nodule formation is a frequent feature of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Traditional induction therapy includes methotrexate or cyclophosphamide, however, pulmonary nodules generally respond slower than vasculitic components of disease. Efficacy of rituximab (RTX) solely for the treatment of pulmonary nodules has not been assessed. In this observational cohort study, we report patient outcomes with RTX in GPA patients with pulmonary nodules who failed to achieve remission following conventional immunosuppression. Patients (n = 5) with persistent pulmonary nodules were identified from our clinic database and retrospectively evaluated. Systemic manifestations, inflammatory markers, disease activity, concurrent immunosuppression, and absolute B cell numbers were recorded pre-RTX and at 6 monthly intervals following treatment. Chest radiographs at each time point were scored by an experienced radiologist, blinded to clinical details. Five patients with GPA and PR3-ANCA were evaluated (2 male, 3 female), mean age 34 (22–52) years. Pulmonary nodules (median 4, range 2–6), with or without cavitation were present in all patients. RTX induced initial B cell depletion (<5 cells/μL) in all patients but re-population was observed in 3 patients. Repeated RTX treatment in these 3 and persistent B cell depletion in the whole cohort was associated with further significant radiological improvement. Radiographic scoring at each time interval showed reduction in both number of nodules (P = <0.0001) and largest nodule diameter (P = <0.0001) in all patients for at least 18 months following B cell depletion. In summary, RTX therapy induces resolution of pulmonary granulomatous inflammation in GPA following prolonged B cell depletion.
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spelling pubmed-46027712015-10-27 Prolonged B Cell Depletion With Rituximab is Effective in Treating Refractory Pulmonary Granulomatous Inflammation in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (GPA) Henderson, Scott R. Copley, Susan J. Pusey, Charles D. Ind, Philip W. Salama, Alan D. Medicine (Baltimore) 6900 Pulmonary nodule formation is a frequent feature of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Traditional induction therapy includes methotrexate or cyclophosphamide, however, pulmonary nodules generally respond slower than vasculitic components of disease. Efficacy of rituximab (RTX) solely for the treatment of pulmonary nodules has not been assessed. In this observational cohort study, we report patient outcomes with RTX in GPA patients with pulmonary nodules who failed to achieve remission following conventional immunosuppression. Patients (n = 5) with persistent pulmonary nodules were identified from our clinic database and retrospectively evaluated. Systemic manifestations, inflammatory markers, disease activity, concurrent immunosuppression, and absolute B cell numbers were recorded pre-RTX and at 6 monthly intervals following treatment. Chest radiographs at each time point were scored by an experienced radiologist, blinded to clinical details. Five patients with GPA and PR3-ANCA were evaluated (2 male, 3 female), mean age 34 (22–52) years. Pulmonary nodules (median 4, range 2–6), with or without cavitation were present in all patients. RTX induced initial B cell depletion (<5 cells/μL) in all patients but re-population was observed in 3 patients. Repeated RTX treatment in these 3 and persistent B cell depletion in the whole cohort was associated with further significant radiological improvement. Radiographic scoring at each time interval showed reduction in both number of nodules (P = <0.0001) and largest nodule diameter (P = <0.0001) in all patients for at least 18 months following B cell depletion. In summary, RTX therapy induces resolution of pulmonary granulomatous inflammation in GPA following prolonged B cell depletion. Wolters Kluwer Health 2014-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4602771/ /pubmed/25501085 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000000229 Text en Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
spellingShingle 6900
Henderson, Scott R.
Copley, Susan J.
Pusey, Charles D.
Ind, Philip W.
Salama, Alan D.
Prolonged B Cell Depletion With Rituximab is Effective in Treating Refractory Pulmonary Granulomatous Inflammation in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (GPA)
title Prolonged B Cell Depletion With Rituximab is Effective in Treating Refractory Pulmonary Granulomatous Inflammation in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (GPA)
title_full Prolonged B Cell Depletion With Rituximab is Effective in Treating Refractory Pulmonary Granulomatous Inflammation in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (GPA)
title_fullStr Prolonged B Cell Depletion With Rituximab is Effective in Treating Refractory Pulmonary Granulomatous Inflammation in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (GPA)
title_full_unstemmed Prolonged B Cell Depletion With Rituximab is Effective in Treating Refractory Pulmonary Granulomatous Inflammation in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (GPA)
title_short Prolonged B Cell Depletion With Rituximab is Effective in Treating Refractory Pulmonary Granulomatous Inflammation in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (GPA)
title_sort prolonged b cell depletion with rituximab is effective in treating refractory pulmonary granulomatous inflammation in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (gpa)
topic 6900
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4602771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25501085
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000000229
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