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Genetic consequences of cladogenetic vs. anagenetic speciation in endemic plants of oceanic islands
Adaptive radiation is a common mode of speciation among plants endemic to oceanic islands. This pattern is one of cladogenesis, or splitting of the founder population, into diverse lineages in divergent habitats. In contrast, endemic species have also evolved primarily by simple transformations from...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4605995/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26311732 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plv102 |
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author | Takayama, Koji López-Sepúlveda, Patricio Greimler, Josef Crawford, Daniel J. Peñailillo, Patricio Baeza, Marcelo Ruiz, Eduardo Kohl, Gudrun Tremetsberger, Karin Gatica, Alejandro Letelier, Luis Novoa, Patricio Novak, Johannes Stuessy, Tod F. |
author_facet | Takayama, Koji López-Sepúlveda, Patricio Greimler, Josef Crawford, Daniel J. Peñailillo, Patricio Baeza, Marcelo Ruiz, Eduardo Kohl, Gudrun Tremetsberger, Karin Gatica, Alejandro Letelier, Luis Novoa, Patricio Novak, Johannes Stuessy, Tod F. |
author_sort | Takayama, Koji |
collection | PubMed |
description | Adaptive radiation is a common mode of speciation among plants endemic to oceanic islands. This pattern is one of cladogenesis, or splitting of the founder population, into diverse lineages in divergent habitats. In contrast, endemic species have also evolved primarily by simple transformations from progenitors in source regions. This is anagenesis, whereby the founding population changes genetically and morphologically over time primarily through mutation and recombination. Gene flow among populations is maintained in a homogeneous environment with no splitting events. Genetic consequences of these modes of speciation have been examined in the Juan Fernández Archipelago, which contains two principal islands of differing geological ages. This article summarizes population genetic results (nearly 4000 analyses) from examination of 15 endemic species, involving 1716 and 1870 individuals in 162 and 163 populations (with amplified fragment length polymorphisms and simple sequence repeats, respectively) in the following genera: Drimys (Winteraceae), Myrceugenia (Myrtaceae), Rhaphithamnus (Verbenaceae), Robinsonia (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) and Erigeron (Asteraceae, Astereae). The results indicate that species originating anagenetically show high levels of genetic variation within the island population and no geographic genetic partitioning. This contrasts with cladogenetic species that show less genetic diversity within and among populations. Species that have been derived anagenetically on the younger island (1–2 Ma) contain less genetic variation than those that have anagenetically speciated on the older island (4 Ma). Genetic distinctness among cladogenetically derived species on the older island is greater than among similarly derived species on the younger island. An important point is that the total genetic variation within each genus analysed is comparable, regardless of whether adaptive divergence occurs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4605995 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46059952015-10-16 Genetic consequences of cladogenetic vs. anagenetic speciation in endemic plants of oceanic islands Takayama, Koji López-Sepúlveda, Patricio Greimler, Josef Crawford, Daniel J. Peñailillo, Patricio Baeza, Marcelo Ruiz, Eduardo Kohl, Gudrun Tremetsberger, Karin Gatica, Alejandro Letelier, Luis Novoa, Patricio Novak, Johannes Stuessy, Tod F. AoB Plants Research Articles Adaptive radiation is a common mode of speciation among plants endemic to oceanic islands. This pattern is one of cladogenesis, or splitting of the founder population, into diverse lineages in divergent habitats. In contrast, endemic species have also evolved primarily by simple transformations from progenitors in source regions. This is anagenesis, whereby the founding population changes genetically and morphologically over time primarily through mutation and recombination. Gene flow among populations is maintained in a homogeneous environment with no splitting events. Genetic consequences of these modes of speciation have been examined in the Juan Fernández Archipelago, which contains two principal islands of differing geological ages. This article summarizes population genetic results (nearly 4000 analyses) from examination of 15 endemic species, involving 1716 and 1870 individuals in 162 and 163 populations (with amplified fragment length polymorphisms and simple sequence repeats, respectively) in the following genera: Drimys (Winteraceae), Myrceugenia (Myrtaceae), Rhaphithamnus (Verbenaceae), Robinsonia (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) and Erigeron (Asteraceae, Astereae). The results indicate that species originating anagenetically show high levels of genetic variation within the island population and no geographic genetic partitioning. This contrasts with cladogenetic species that show less genetic diversity within and among populations. Species that have been derived anagenetically on the younger island (1–2 Ma) contain less genetic variation than those that have anagenetically speciated on the older island (4 Ma). Genetic distinctness among cladogenetically derived species on the older island is greater than among similarly derived species on the younger island. An important point is that the total genetic variation within each genus analysed is comparable, regardless of whether adaptive divergence occurs. Oxford University Press 2015-08-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4605995/ /pubmed/26311732 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plv102 Text en Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Takayama, Koji López-Sepúlveda, Patricio Greimler, Josef Crawford, Daniel J. Peñailillo, Patricio Baeza, Marcelo Ruiz, Eduardo Kohl, Gudrun Tremetsberger, Karin Gatica, Alejandro Letelier, Luis Novoa, Patricio Novak, Johannes Stuessy, Tod F. Genetic consequences of cladogenetic vs. anagenetic speciation in endemic plants of oceanic islands |
title | Genetic consequences of cladogenetic vs. anagenetic speciation in endemic plants of oceanic islands |
title_full | Genetic consequences of cladogenetic vs. anagenetic speciation in endemic plants of oceanic islands |
title_fullStr | Genetic consequences of cladogenetic vs. anagenetic speciation in endemic plants of oceanic islands |
title_full_unstemmed | Genetic consequences of cladogenetic vs. anagenetic speciation in endemic plants of oceanic islands |
title_short | Genetic consequences of cladogenetic vs. anagenetic speciation in endemic plants of oceanic islands |
title_sort | genetic consequences of cladogenetic vs. anagenetic speciation in endemic plants of oceanic islands |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4605995/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26311732 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plv102 |
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