Postoperative thrombocytosis: An unusual case report

Thrombocytosis is often an incidental finding seen in 35–50% of cases and the cause determination creates a diagnostic challenge. Extreme thrombocytosis is rare and seen in 2–5.8% patients only. Among the various causes of increased platelet count, surgical procedures have attracted much attention in both experimental and clinical domain. The appearance of thrombocytosis after surgery needs to be diagnosed to establish the type of thrombocytosis (clonal or reactive), as treatment and prognosis are quite different between them. This case report is vital because of two reasons: First, the increase in platelet count is difficult to rationalize than many of the other thrombocytoses, such as those related to primary augmentation of the function of the bone marrow; second, the association of platelets with the clotting process has led to the belief that their increase after a surgical procedure is connected with the occurrence of postoperative thrombosis. This case presents an interesting finding from a patient who has undergone major abdominal surgery and has shown an unexpected perpetual increase in platelet count.