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Cancers in Australia attributable to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and prevented by regular sunscreen use

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the proportion and numbers of cancers occurring in Australia attributable to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and the proportion and numbers prevented by regular sun protection factor (SPF) 15+ sunscreen use. METHODS: We estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) a...

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Autores principales: Olsen, Catherine M, Wilson, Louise F, Green, Adele C, Bain, Christopher J, Fritschi, Lin, Neale, Rachel E, Whiteman, David C
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4606762/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26437734
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12470
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author Olsen, Catherine M
Wilson, Louise F
Green, Adele C
Bain, Christopher J
Fritschi, Lin
Neale, Rachel E
Whiteman, David C
author_facet Olsen, Catherine M
Wilson, Louise F
Green, Adele C
Bain, Christopher J
Fritschi, Lin
Neale, Rachel E
Whiteman, David C
author_sort Olsen, Catherine M
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: To estimate the proportion and numbers of cancers occurring in Australia attributable to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and the proportion and numbers prevented by regular sun protection factor (SPF) 15+ sunscreen use. METHODS: We estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) and numbers of melanomas and keratinocyte cancers (i.e. basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas) due to exposure to ambient UVR resulting from residing in Australia versus residing in the UK (for melanoma) or Scandinavia (for keratinocyte cancers). We also estimated the prevented fraction (PF): the proportion of cancers that would have occurred but were likely prevented by regular sunscreen use. RESULTS: An estimated 7,220 melanomas (PAF 63%) and essentially all keratinocyte cancers occurring in Australia were attributable to high ambient UVR levels in Australia. We estimated that regular sunscreen use prevented around 14,190 (PF 9.3%) and 1,730 (PF 14%) people from developing SCC and melanoma, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although our approach was conservative, a high proportion of skin cancers in Australia are attributable to high ambient levels of UVR. Prevailing levels of sunscreen use probably reduced skin cancer incidence by 10–15%. IMPLICATIONS: Most skin cancers are preventable. Sunscreen should be a component of a comprehensive sun protection strategy.
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spelling pubmed-46067622015-10-20 Cancers in Australia attributable to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and prevented by regular sunscreen use Olsen, Catherine M Wilson, Louise F Green, Adele C Bain, Christopher J Fritschi, Lin Neale, Rachel E Whiteman, David C Aust N Z J Public Health Cancers in Australia in 2010 OBJECTIVES: To estimate the proportion and numbers of cancers occurring in Australia attributable to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and the proportion and numbers prevented by regular sun protection factor (SPF) 15+ sunscreen use. METHODS: We estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) and numbers of melanomas and keratinocyte cancers (i.e. basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas) due to exposure to ambient UVR resulting from residing in Australia versus residing in the UK (for melanoma) or Scandinavia (for keratinocyte cancers). We also estimated the prevented fraction (PF): the proportion of cancers that would have occurred but were likely prevented by regular sunscreen use. RESULTS: An estimated 7,220 melanomas (PAF 63%) and essentially all keratinocyte cancers occurring in Australia were attributable to high ambient UVR levels in Australia. We estimated that regular sunscreen use prevented around 14,190 (PF 9.3%) and 1,730 (PF 14%) people from developing SCC and melanoma, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although our approach was conservative, a high proportion of skin cancers in Australia are attributable to high ambient levels of UVR. Prevailing levels of sunscreen use probably reduced skin cancer incidence by 10–15%. IMPLICATIONS: Most skin cancers are preventable. Sunscreen should be a component of a comprehensive sun protection strategy. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2015-10 2015-10-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4606762/ /pubmed/26437734 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12470 Text en © 2015 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Cancers in Australia in 2010
Olsen, Catherine M
Wilson, Louise F
Green, Adele C
Bain, Christopher J
Fritschi, Lin
Neale, Rachel E
Whiteman, David C
Cancers in Australia attributable to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and prevented by regular sunscreen use
title Cancers in Australia attributable to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and prevented by regular sunscreen use
title_full Cancers in Australia attributable to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and prevented by regular sunscreen use
title_fullStr Cancers in Australia attributable to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and prevented by regular sunscreen use
title_full_unstemmed Cancers in Australia attributable to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and prevented by regular sunscreen use
title_short Cancers in Australia attributable to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and prevented by regular sunscreen use
title_sort cancers in australia attributable to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and prevented by regular sunscreen use
topic Cancers in Australia in 2010
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4606762/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26437734
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12470
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