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Impact of Fine Particulate Matter (PM(2.5)) Exposure During Wildfires on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies investigating the role of fine particulate matter (PM(2.5); aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) in triggering acute coronary events, including out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and ischemic heart disease (IHD), during wildfires have been inconclusive. METHODS AND RESUL...

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Autores principales: Haikerwal, Anjali, Akram, Muhammad, Del Monaco, Anthony, Smith, Karen, Sim, Malcolm R, Meyer, Mick, Tonkin, Andrew M, Abramson, Michael J, Dennekamp, Martine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4608063/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26178402
http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.114.001653
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author Haikerwal, Anjali
Akram, Muhammad
Del Monaco, Anthony
Smith, Karen
Sim, Malcolm R
Meyer, Mick
Tonkin, Andrew M
Abramson, Michael J
Dennekamp, Martine
author_facet Haikerwal, Anjali
Akram, Muhammad
Del Monaco, Anthony
Smith, Karen
Sim, Malcolm R
Meyer, Mick
Tonkin, Andrew M
Abramson, Michael J
Dennekamp, Martine
author_sort Haikerwal, Anjali
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies investigating the role of fine particulate matter (PM(2.5); aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) in triggering acute coronary events, including out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and ischemic heart disease (IHD), during wildfires have been inconclusive. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined the associations of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, IHD, acute myocardial infarction, and angina (hospital admissions and emergency department attendance) with PM(2.5) concentrations during the 2006–2007 wildfires in Victoria, Australia, using a time-stratified case-crossover study design. Health data were obtained from comprehensive health-based administrative registries for the study period (December 2006 to January 2007). Modeled and validated air exposure data from wildfire smoke emissions (daily average PM(2.5), temperature, relative humidity) were also estimated for this period. There were 457 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, 2106 emergency department visits, and 3274 hospital admissions for IHD. After adjusting for temperature and relative humidity, an increase in interquartile range of 9.04 μg/m(3) in PM(2.5) over 2 days moving average (lag 0-1) was associated with a 6.98% (95% CI 1.03% to 13.29%) increase in risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, with strong association shown by men (9.05%,95%CI 1.63% to 17.02%) and by older adults (aged ≥65 years) (7.25%, 95% CI 0.24% to 14.75%). Increase in risk was (2.07%, 95% CI 0.09% to 4.09%) for IHD-related emergency department attendance and (1.86%, 95% CI: 0.35% to 3.4%) for IHD-related hospital admissions at lag 2 days, with strong associations shown by women (3.21%, 95% CI 0.81% to 5.67%) and by older adults (2.41%, 95% CI 0.82% to 5.67%). CONCLUSION: PM(2.5) exposure was associated with increased risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and IHD during the 2006–2007 wildfires in Victoria. This evidence indicates that PM(2.5) may act as a triggering factor for acute coronary events during wildfire episodes.
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spelling pubmed-46080632015-10-16 Impact of Fine Particulate Matter (PM(2.5)) Exposure During Wildfires on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes Haikerwal, Anjali Akram, Muhammad Del Monaco, Anthony Smith, Karen Sim, Malcolm R Meyer, Mick Tonkin, Andrew M Abramson, Michael J Dennekamp, Martine J Am Heart Assoc Original Research BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies investigating the role of fine particulate matter (PM(2.5); aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) in triggering acute coronary events, including out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and ischemic heart disease (IHD), during wildfires have been inconclusive. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined the associations of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, IHD, acute myocardial infarction, and angina (hospital admissions and emergency department attendance) with PM(2.5) concentrations during the 2006–2007 wildfires in Victoria, Australia, using a time-stratified case-crossover study design. Health data were obtained from comprehensive health-based administrative registries for the study period (December 2006 to January 2007). Modeled and validated air exposure data from wildfire smoke emissions (daily average PM(2.5), temperature, relative humidity) were also estimated for this period. There were 457 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, 2106 emergency department visits, and 3274 hospital admissions for IHD. After adjusting for temperature and relative humidity, an increase in interquartile range of 9.04 μg/m(3) in PM(2.5) over 2 days moving average (lag 0-1) was associated with a 6.98% (95% CI 1.03% to 13.29%) increase in risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, with strong association shown by men (9.05%,95%CI 1.63% to 17.02%) and by older adults (aged ≥65 years) (7.25%, 95% CI 0.24% to 14.75%). Increase in risk was (2.07%, 95% CI 0.09% to 4.09%) for IHD-related emergency department attendance and (1.86%, 95% CI: 0.35% to 3.4%) for IHD-related hospital admissions at lag 2 days, with strong associations shown by women (3.21%, 95% CI 0.81% to 5.67%) and by older adults (2.41%, 95% CI 0.82% to 5.67%). CONCLUSION: PM(2.5) exposure was associated with increased risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and IHD during the 2006–2007 wildfires in Victoria. This evidence indicates that PM(2.5) may act as a triggering factor for acute coronary events during wildfire episodes. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2015-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4608063/ /pubmed/26178402 http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.114.001653 Text en © 2015 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle Original Research
Haikerwal, Anjali
Akram, Muhammad
Del Monaco, Anthony
Smith, Karen
Sim, Malcolm R
Meyer, Mick
Tonkin, Andrew M
Abramson, Michael J
Dennekamp, Martine
Impact of Fine Particulate Matter (PM(2.5)) Exposure During Wildfires on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes
title Impact of Fine Particulate Matter (PM(2.5)) Exposure During Wildfires on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes
title_full Impact of Fine Particulate Matter (PM(2.5)) Exposure During Wildfires on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes
title_fullStr Impact of Fine Particulate Matter (PM(2.5)) Exposure During Wildfires on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes
title_full_unstemmed Impact of Fine Particulate Matter (PM(2.5)) Exposure During Wildfires on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes
title_short Impact of Fine Particulate Matter (PM(2.5)) Exposure During Wildfires on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes
title_sort impact of fine particulate matter (pm(2.5)) exposure during wildfires on cardiovascular health outcomes
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4608063/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26178402
http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.114.001653
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