Cancer as a Proinflammatory Environment: Metastasis and Cachexia

The development of the syndrome of cancer cachexia and that of metastasis are related with a poor prognostic for cancer patients. They are considered multifactorial processes associated with a proinflammatory environment, to which tumour microenvironment and other tissues from the tumour bearing ind...

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Autores principales: Inácio Pinto, Nelson, Carnier, June, Oyama, Lila M., Otoch, Jose Pinhata, Alcântara, Paulo Sergio, Tokeshi, Flavio, Nascimento, Claudia M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015
Materias:
Review Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4609868/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26508818
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/791060
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author Inácio Pinto, Nelson
Carnier, June
Oyama, Lila M.
Otoch, Jose Pinhata
Alcântara, Paulo Sergio
Tokeshi, Flavio
Nascimento, Claudia M.
author_facet Inácio Pinto, Nelson
Carnier, June
Oyama, Lila M.
Otoch, Jose Pinhata
Alcântara, Paulo Sergio
Tokeshi, Flavio
Nascimento, Claudia M.
author_sort Inácio Pinto, Nelson
collection PubMed
description The development of the syndrome of cancer cachexia and that of metastasis are related with a poor prognostic for cancer patients. They are considered multifactorial processes associated with a proinflammatory environment, to which tumour microenvironment and other tissues from the tumour bearing individuals contribute. The aim of the present review is to address the role of ghrelin, myostatin, leptin, HIF, IL-6, TNF-α, and ANGPTL-4 in the regulation of energy balance, tumour development, and tumoural cell invasion. Hypoxia induced factor plays a prominent role in tumour macro- and microenvironment, by modulating the release of proinflammatory cytokines.
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spelling pubmed-46098682015-10-27 Cancer as a Proinflammatory Environment: Metastasis and Cachexia Inácio Pinto, Nelson Carnier, June Oyama, Lila M. Otoch, Jose Pinhata Alcântara, Paulo Sergio Tokeshi, Flavio Nascimento, Claudia M. Mediators Inflamm Review Article The development of the syndrome of cancer cachexia and that of metastasis are related with a poor prognostic for cancer patients. They are considered multifactorial processes associated with a proinflammatory environment, to which tumour microenvironment and other tissues from the tumour bearing individuals contribute. The aim of the present review is to address the role of ghrelin, myostatin, leptin, HIF, IL-6, TNF-α, and ANGPTL-4 in the regulation of energy balance, tumour development, and tumoural cell invasion. Hypoxia induced factor plays a prominent role in tumour macro- and microenvironment, by modulating the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 2015-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4609868/ /pubmed/26508818 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/791060 Text en Copyright © 2015 Nelson Inácio Pinto et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Inácio Pinto, Nelson
Carnier, June
Oyama, Lila M.
Otoch, Jose Pinhata
Alcântara, Paulo Sergio
Tokeshi, Flavio
Nascimento, Claudia M.
Cancer as a Proinflammatory Environment: Metastasis and Cachexia
title Cancer as a Proinflammatory Environment: Metastasis and Cachexia
title_full Cancer as a Proinflammatory Environment: Metastasis and Cachexia
title_fullStr Cancer as a Proinflammatory Environment: Metastasis and Cachexia
title_full_unstemmed Cancer as a Proinflammatory Environment: Metastasis and Cachexia
title_short Cancer as a Proinflammatory Environment: Metastasis and Cachexia
title_sort cancer as a proinflammatory environment: metastasis and cachexia
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4609868/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26508818
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/791060
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