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Response to peripheral immune stimulation within the brain: magnetic resonance imaging perspective of treatment success
Chronic peripheral inflammation in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis leads to alterations in central pain processing and consequently to mood disorders resulting from sensitization within the central nervous system and enhanced vulnerability of the medial pain pathway. Proinflammatory cytokines...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4610054/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26477946 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13075-015-0783-2 |
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author | Sergeeva, Marina Rech, Jürgen Schett, Georg Hess, Andreas |
author_facet | Sergeeva, Marina Rech, Jürgen Schett, Georg Hess, Andreas |
author_sort | Sergeeva, Marina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chronic peripheral inflammation in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis leads to alterations in central pain processing and consequently to mood disorders resulting from sensitization within the central nervous system and enhanced vulnerability of the medial pain pathway. Proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha play an important role herein, and therapies targeting their signaling (i.e., anti-TNF therapies) have been proven to achieve good results. However, the phenomenon of rapid improvement in the patients’ subjective feeling after the start of TNFα neutralization remained confusing, because it was observed long before any detectable signs of inflammation decline. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), enabling visualization of brain activity upon peripheral immune stimulation with anti-TNF, has helped to clarify this discrepancy. Moreover, fMRI appeared to work as a reliable tool for predicting prospective success of anti-TNF therapy, which is valuable considering the side effects of the drugs and the high therapy costs. This review, which is mainly guided by neuroimaging studies of the brain, summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge about communication between the immune system and the brain and its impact on subjective well-being, addresses in more detail the outcome of the abovementioned anti-TNF fMRI studies (rapid response to TNFα blockade within the brain pain matrix and differences in brain activation patterns between prospective therapy responders and nonresponders), and discusses possible mechanisms for the latter phenomena and the predictive power of fMRI. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4610054 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46100542015-10-20 Response to peripheral immune stimulation within the brain: magnetic resonance imaging perspective of treatment success Sergeeva, Marina Rech, Jürgen Schett, Georg Hess, Andreas Arthritis Res Ther Review Chronic peripheral inflammation in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis leads to alterations in central pain processing and consequently to mood disorders resulting from sensitization within the central nervous system and enhanced vulnerability of the medial pain pathway. Proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha play an important role herein, and therapies targeting their signaling (i.e., anti-TNF therapies) have been proven to achieve good results. However, the phenomenon of rapid improvement in the patients’ subjective feeling after the start of TNFα neutralization remained confusing, because it was observed long before any detectable signs of inflammation decline. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), enabling visualization of brain activity upon peripheral immune stimulation with anti-TNF, has helped to clarify this discrepancy. Moreover, fMRI appeared to work as a reliable tool for predicting prospective success of anti-TNF therapy, which is valuable considering the side effects of the drugs and the high therapy costs. This review, which is mainly guided by neuroimaging studies of the brain, summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge about communication between the immune system and the brain and its impact on subjective well-being, addresses in more detail the outcome of the abovementioned anti-TNF fMRI studies (rapid response to TNFα blockade within the brain pain matrix and differences in brain activation patterns between prospective therapy responders and nonresponders), and discusses possible mechanisms for the latter phenomena and the predictive power of fMRI. BioMed Central 2015-10-19 2015 /pmc/articles/PMC4610054/ /pubmed/26477946 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13075-015-0783-2 Text en © Sergeeva et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Review Sergeeva, Marina Rech, Jürgen Schett, Georg Hess, Andreas Response to peripheral immune stimulation within the brain: magnetic resonance imaging perspective of treatment success |
title | Response to peripheral immune stimulation within the brain: magnetic resonance imaging perspective of treatment success |
title_full | Response to peripheral immune stimulation within the brain: magnetic resonance imaging perspective of treatment success |
title_fullStr | Response to peripheral immune stimulation within the brain: magnetic resonance imaging perspective of treatment success |
title_full_unstemmed | Response to peripheral immune stimulation within the brain: magnetic resonance imaging perspective of treatment success |
title_short | Response to peripheral immune stimulation within the brain: magnetic resonance imaging perspective of treatment success |
title_sort | response to peripheral immune stimulation within the brain: magnetic resonance imaging perspective of treatment success |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4610054/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26477946 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13075-015-0783-2 |
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