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Post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery

Post-operative pulmonary complications (PPCs) occur in 5–10% of patients undergoing non-thoracic surgery and in 22% of high risk patients. PPCs are broadly defined as conditions affecting the respiratory tract that can adversely influence clinical course of the patient after surgery. Prior risk stra...

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Autor principal: Kelkar, Kalpana Vinod
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4613407/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26556919
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5049.165857
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author Kelkar, Kalpana Vinod
author_facet Kelkar, Kalpana Vinod
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description Post-operative pulmonary complications (PPCs) occur in 5–10% of patients undergoing non-thoracic surgery and in 22% of high risk patients. PPCs are broadly defined as conditions affecting the respiratory tract that can adversely influence clinical course of the patient after surgery. Prior risk stratification, risk reduction strategies, performing short duration and/or minimally invasive surgery and use of anaesthetic technique of combined regional with general anaesthesia can reduce the incidence of PPCs. Atelectasis is the main cause of PPCs. Atelectasis can be prevented or treated by adequate analgesia, incentive spirometry (IS), deep breathing exercises, continuous positive airway pressure, mobilisation of secretions and early ambulation. Pre-operative treatment of IS is more effective. The main reason for post-operative pneumonia is aspiration along the channels formed by longitudinal folds in the high volume, low pressure polyvinyl chloride cuffs of the endotracheal tubes. Use of tapered cuff, polyurethane cuffs and selective rather than the routine use of nasogastric tube can decrease chances of aspiration. Acute lung injury is the most serious PPC which may prove fatal.
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spelling pubmed-46134072015-11-09 Post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery Kelkar, Kalpana Vinod Indian J Anaesth Review Article Post-operative pulmonary complications (PPCs) occur in 5–10% of patients undergoing non-thoracic surgery and in 22% of high risk patients. PPCs are broadly defined as conditions affecting the respiratory tract that can adversely influence clinical course of the patient after surgery. Prior risk stratification, risk reduction strategies, performing short duration and/or minimally invasive surgery and use of anaesthetic technique of combined regional with general anaesthesia can reduce the incidence of PPCs. Atelectasis is the main cause of PPCs. Atelectasis can be prevented or treated by adequate analgesia, incentive spirometry (IS), deep breathing exercises, continuous positive airway pressure, mobilisation of secretions and early ambulation. Pre-operative treatment of IS is more effective. The main reason for post-operative pneumonia is aspiration along the channels formed by longitudinal folds in the high volume, low pressure polyvinyl chloride cuffs of the endotracheal tubes. Use of tapered cuff, polyurethane cuffs and selective rather than the routine use of nasogastric tube can decrease chances of aspiration. Acute lung injury is the most serious PPC which may prove fatal. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2015-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4613407/ /pubmed/26556919 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5049.165857 Text en Copyright: © Indian Journal of Anaesthesia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Review Article
Kelkar, Kalpana Vinod
Post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery
title Post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery
title_full Post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery
title_fullStr Post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery
title_full_unstemmed Post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery
title_short Post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery
title_sort post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4613407/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26556919
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5049.165857
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