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Controlling of CSFV in European wild boar using oral vaccination: a review

Classical swine fever (CSF) is among the most detrimental diseases for the swine industry worldwide. Infected wild boar populations can play a crucial role in CSF epidemiology and controlling wild reservoirs is of utmost importance for preventing domestic outbreaks. Oral mass vaccination (OMV) has b...

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Autores principales: Rossi, Sophie, Staubach, Christoph, Blome, Sandra, Guberti, Vittorio, Thulke, Hans-Hermann, Vos, Ad, Koenen, Frank, Le Potier, Marie-Frédérique
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4615961/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26557109
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01141
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author Rossi, Sophie
Staubach, Christoph
Blome, Sandra
Guberti, Vittorio
Thulke, Hans-Hermann
Vos, Ad
Koenen, Frank
Le Potier, Marie-Frédérique
author_facet Rossi, Sophie
Staubach, Christoph
Blome, Sandra
Guberti, Vittorio
Thulke, Hans-Hermann
Vos, Ad
Koenen, Frank
Le Potier, Marie-Frédérique
author_sort Rossi, Sophie
collection PubMed
description Classical swine fever (CSF) is among the most detrimental diseases for the swine industry worldwide. Infected wild boar populations can play a crucial role in CSF epidemiology and controlling wild reservoirs is of utmost importance for preventing domestic outbreaks. Oral mass vaccination (OMV) has been implemented to control CSF in wild boars and limit the spill over to domestic pigs. This retrospective overview of vaccination experiences illustrates the potential for that option. The C-strain live vaccine was confirmed to be highly efficacious and palatable baits were developed for oral delivery in free ranging wild boars. The first field trials were performed in Germany in the 1990’s and allowed deploying oral baits at a large scale. The delivery process was further improved during the 2000’s among different European countries. Optimal deployment has to be early regarding disease emergence and correctly designed regarding the landscape structure and the natural food sources that can compete with oral baits. OMV deployment is also highly dependent on a local veterinary support working closely with hunters, wildlife and forestry agencies. Vaccination has been the most efficient strategy for CSF control in free ranging wild boar when vaccination is wide spread and lasting for a sufficient period of time. Alternative disease control strategies such as intensified hunting or creating physical boundaries such as fences have been, in contrast, seldom satisfactory and reliable. However, monitoring outbreaks has been challenging during and after vaccination deployment since OMV results in a low probability to detect virus-positive animals and the live-vaccine currently available does not allow serological differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals. The development of a new marker vaccine and companion test is thus a promising option for better monitoring outbreaks during OMV deployment as well as help to better determine when to stop vaccination efforts. After rabies in red fox, the use of OMV against CSF in European wild boar can be considered as a second example of successful disease control in wildlife. The 30 years of disease control experience included in this review may provide options for improving future disease management within wild populations.
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spelling pubmed-46159612015-11-09 Controlling of CSFV in European wild boar using oral vaccination: a review Rossi, Sophie Staubach, Christoph Blome, Sandra Guberti, Vittorio Thulke, Hans-Hermann Vos, Ad Koenen, Frank Le Potier, Marie-Frédérique Front Microbiol Microbiology Classical swine fever (CSF) is among the most detrimental diseases for the swine industry worldwide. Infected wild boar populations can play a crucial role in CSF epidemiology and controlling wild reservoirs is of utmost importance for preventing domestic outbreaks. Oral mass vaccination (OMV) has been implemented to control CSF in wild boars and limit the spill over to domestic pigs. This retrospective overview of vaccination experiences illustrates the potential for that option. The C-strain live vaccine was confirmed to be highly efficacious and palatable baits were developed for oral delivery in free ranging wild boars. The first field trials were performed in Germany in the 1990’s and allowed deploying oral baits at a large scale. The delivery process was further improved during the 2000’s among different European countries. Optimal deployment has to be early regarding disease emergence and correctly designed regarding the landscape structure and the natural food sources that can compete with oral baits. OMV deployment is also highly dependent on a local veterinary support working closely with hunters, wildlife and forestry agencies. Vaccination has been the most efficient strategy for CSF control in free ranging wild boar when vaccination is wide spread and lasting for a sufficient period of time. Alternative disease control strategies such as intensified hunting or creating physical boundaries such as fences have been, in contrast, seldom satisfactory and reliable. However, monitoring outbreaks has been challenging during and after vaccination deployment since OMV results in a low probability to detect virus-positive animals and the live-vaccine currently available does not allow serological differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals. The development of a new marker vaccine and companion test is thus a promising option for better monitoring outbreaks during OMV deployment as well as help to better determine when to stop vaccination efforts. After rabies in red fox, the use of OMV against CSF in European wild boar can be considered as a second example of successful disease control in wildlife. The 30 years of disease control experience included in this review may provide options for improving future disease management within wild populations. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC4615961/ /pubmed/26557109 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01141 Text en Copyright © 2015 Rossi, Staubach, Blome, Guberti, Thulke, Vos, Koenen and Le Potier. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Rossi, Sophie
Staubach, Christoph
Blome, Sandra
Guberti, Vittorio
Thulke, Hans-Hermann
Vos, Ad
Koenen, Frank
Le Potier, Marie-Frédérique
Controlling of CSFV in European wild boar using oral vaccination: a review
title Controlling of CSFV in European wild boar using oral vaccination: a review
title_full Controlling of CSFV in European wild boar using oral vaccination: a review
title_fullStr Controlling of CSFV in European wild boar using oral vaccination: a review
title_full_unstemmed Controlling of CSFV in European wild boar using oral vaccination: a review
title_short Controlling of CSFV in European wild boar using oral vaccination: a review
title_sort controlling of csfv in european wild boar using oral vaccination: a review
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4615961/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26557109
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01141
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