Renal Vein Thrombosis in a Newborn With Abnormal Factor VIII Level: Clinical Case Report

Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) in neonates is a rare condition of low mortality but significant morbidity due to renal impairment. We report the case of a male term newborn with left RVT and elevated serum factor VIII (FVIII). The main symptoms of the patient and the important clinical findings: prompt diagnosis of RVT was possible because the classic clinical presentation of macroscopic hematuria, thrombocytopenia, and palpable flank mass were present in this newborn infant. The main diagnoses: finally, the reason of RVT was established when the infant was 3 months of age: the increased level of FVIII was confirmed. We discuss the diagnosis, therapy, and outcome of the patient and compare with the literature. Therapeutics interventions: however, despite anticoagulant therapy the left kidney developed areas of scarring and then atrophy. Conclusions and outcomes: Prothrombotic defects should be considered in all patients with perinatal RVT. Elevated factor VIII as a reason of RVT in neonatal period is particularly rare. Given a poor renal outcome in children associated with elevated levels of factor VIII, consideration could be given to more aggressive antithrombotic therapy in such cases.