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The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to investigate whether heart rate recovery (HRR) may represent an effective marker of functional overreaching (f-OR) in endurance athletes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-one experienced male triathletes were tested (10 control and 21 overload subjects) before (Pre), a...

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Autores principales: Aubry, Anaël, Hausswirth, Christophe, Louis, Julien, Coutts, Aaron J., Buchheit, Martin, Le Meur, Yann
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4619310/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26488766
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139754
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author Aubry, Anaël
Hausswirth, Christophe
Louis, Julien
Coutts, Aaron J.
Buchheit, Martin
Le Meur, Yann
author_facet Aubry, Anaël
Hausswirth, Christophe
Louis, Julien
Coutts, Aaron J.
Buchheit, Martin
Le Meur, Yann
author_sort Aubry, Anaël
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to investigate whether heart rate recovery (HRR) may represent an effective marker of functional overreaching (f-OR) in endurance athletes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-one experienced male triathletes were tested (10 control and 21 overload subjects) before (Pre), and immediately after an overload training period (Mid) and after a 2-week taper (Post). Physiological responses were assessed during an incremental cycling protocol to exhaustion, including heart rate, catecholamine release and blood lactate concentration. Ten participants from the overload group developed signs of f-OR at Mid (i.e. -2.1 ± 0.8% change in performance associated with concomitant high perceived fatigue). Additionally, only the f-OR group demonstrated a 99% chance of increase in HRR during the overload period (+8 ± 5 bpm, large effect size). Concomitantly, this group also revealed a >80% chance of decreasing blood lactate (-11 ± 14%, large), plasma norepinephrine (-12 ± 37%, small) and plasma epinephrine peak concentrations (-51 ± 22%, moderate). These blood measures returned to baseline levels at Post. HRR change was negatively correlated to changes in performance, peak HR and peak blood metabolites concentrations. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that i) a faster HRR is not systematically associated with improved physical performance, ii) changes in HRR should be interpreted in the context of the specific training phase, the athletes perceived level of fatigue and the performance response; and, iii) the faster HRR associated with f-OR may be induced by a decreased central command and by a lower chemoreflex activity.
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spelling pubmed-46193102015-10-29 The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes Aubry, Anaël Hausswirth, Christophe Louis, Julien Coutts, Aaron J. Buchheit, Martin Le Meur, Yann PLoS One Research Article PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to investigate whether heart rate recovery (HRR) may represent an effective marker of functional overreaching (f-OR) in endurance athletes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-one experienced male triathletes were tested (10 control and 21 overload subjects) before (Pre), and immediately after an overload training period (Mid) and after a 2-week taper (Post). Physiological responses were assessed during an incremental cycling protocol to exhaustion, including heart rate, catecholamine release and blood lactate concentration. Ten participants from the overload group developed signs of f-OR at Mid (i.e. -2.1 ± 0.8% change in performance associated with concomitant high perceived fatigue). Additionally, only the f-OR group demonstrated a 99% chance of increase in HRR during the overload period (+8 ± 5 bpm, large effect size). Concomitantly, this group also revealed a >80% chance of decreasing blood lactate (-11 ± 14%, large), plasma norepinephrine (-12 ± 37%, small) and plasma epinephrine peak concentrations (-51 ± 22%, moderate). These blood measures returned to baseline levels at Post. HRR change was negatively correlated to changes in performance, peak HR and peak blood metabolites concentrations. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that i) a faster HRR is not systematically associated with improved physical performance, ii) changes in HRR should be interpreted in the context of the specific training phase, the athletes perceived level of fatigue and the performance response; and, iii) the faster HRR associated with f-OR may be induced by a decreased central command and by a lower chemoreflex activity. Public Library of Science 2015-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4619310/ /pubmed/26488766 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139754 Text en © 2015 Aubry et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Aubry, Anaël
Hausswirth, Christophe
Louis, Julien
Coutts, Aaron J.
Buchheit, Martin
Le Meur, Yann
The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes
title The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes
title_full The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes
title_fullStr The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes
title_full_unstemmed The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes
title_short The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes
title_sort development of functional overreaching is associated with a faster heart rate recovery in endurance athletes
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4619310/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26488766
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139754
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