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Configurational Statistics of Magnetic Bead Detection with Magnetoresistive Sensors

Magnetic biosensors detect magnetic beads that, mediated by a target, have bound to a functionalized area. This area is often larger than the area of the sensor. Both the sign and magnitude of the average magnetic field experienced by the sensor from a magnetic bead depends on the location of the be...

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Autores principales: Henriksen, Anders Dahl, Ley, Mikkel Wennemoes Hvitfeld, Flyvbjerg, Henrik, Hansen, Mikkel Fougt
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4619777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26496495
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141115
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author Henriksen, Anders Dahl
Ley, Mikkel Wennemoes Hvitfeld
Flyvbjerg, Henrik
Hansen, Mikkel Fougt
author_facet Henriksen, Anders Dahl
Ley, Mikkel Wennemoes Hvitfeld
Flyvbjerg, Henrik
Hansen, Mikkel Fougt
author_sort Henriksen, Anders Dahl
collection PubMed
description Magnetic biosensors detect magnetic beads that, mediated by a target, have bound to a functionalized area. This area is often larger than the area of the sensor. Both the sign and magnitude of the average magnetic field experienced by the sensor from a magnetic bead depends on the location of the bead relative to the sensor. Consequently, the signal from multiple beads also depends on their locations. Thus, a given coverage of the functionalized area with magnetic beads does not result in a given detector response, except on the average, over many realizations of the same coverage. We present a systematic theoretical analysis of how this location-dependence affects the sensor response. The analysis is done for beads magnetized by a homogeneous in-plane magnetic field. We determine the expected value and standard deviation of the sensor response for a given coverage, as well as the accuracy and precision with which the coverage can be determined from a single sensor measurement. We show that statistical fluctuations between samples may reduce the sensitivity and dynamic range of a sensor significantly when the functionalized area is larger than the sensor area. Hence, the statistics of sampling is essential to sensor design. For illustration, we analyze three important published cases for which statistical fluctuations are dominant, significant, and insignificant, respectively.
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spelling pubmed-46197772015-10-29 Configurational Statistics of Magnetic Bead Detection with Magnetoresistive Sensors Henriksen, Anders Dahl Ley, Mikkel Wennemoes Hvitfeld Flyvbjerg, Henrik Hansen, Mikkel Fougt PLoS One Research Article Magnetic biosensors detect magnetic beads that, mediated by a target, have bound to a functionalized area. This area is often larger than the area of the sensor. Both the sign and magnitude of the average magnetic field experienced by the sensor from a magnetic bead depends on the location of the bead relative to the sensor. Consequently, the signal from multiple beads also depends on their locations. Thus, a given coverage of the functionalized area with magnetic beads does not result in a given detector response, except on the average, over many realizations of the same coverage. We present a systematic theoretical analysis of how this location-dependence affects the sensor response. The analysis is done for beads magnetized by a homogeneous in-plane magnetic field. We determine the expected value and standard deviation of the sensor response for a given coverage, as well as the accuracy and precision with which the coverage can be determined from a single sensor measurement. We show that statistical fluctuations between samples may reduce the sensitivity and dynamic range of a sensor significantly when the functionalized area is larger than the sensor area. Hence, the statistics of sampling is essential to sensor design. For illustration, we analyze three important published cases for which statistical fluctuations are dominant, significant, and insignificant, respectively. Public Library of Science 2015-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC4619777/ /pubmed/26496495 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141115 Text en © 2015 Henriksen et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Henriksen, Anders Dahl
Ley, Mikkel Wennemoes Hvitfeld
Flyvbjerg, Henrik
Hansen, Mikkel Fougt
Configurational Statistics of Magnetic Bead Detection with Magnetoresistive Sensors
title Configurational Statistics of Magnetic Bead Detection with Magnetoresistive Sensors
title_full Configurational Statistics of Magnetic Bead Detection with Magnetoresistive Sensors
title_fullStr Configurational Statistics of Magnetic Bead Detection with Magnetoresistive Sensors
title_full_unstemmed Configurational Statistics of Magnetic Bead Detection with Magnetoresistive Sensors
title_short Configurational Statistics of Magnetic Bead Detection with Magnetoresistive Sensors
title_sort configurational statistics of magnetic bead detection with magnetoresistive sensors
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4619777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26496495
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141115
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