Convenient methods for ingestion of molecular hydrogen: drinking, injection, and inhalation

Molecular hydrogen (H(2)) is clinically administered; however, in some hospitals, H(2) is given to patients without consideration of its safe use. In the present study, we prepared convenient and safe devices for the drinking of super-saturated H(2) water, for intravenous drip infusion of H(2)-rich saline, and for the inhalation of H(2) gas. In order to provide useful information for researchers using these devices, the changes in H(2) concentration were studied. Our experimental results should contribute to the advance of non-clinical and clinical research in H(2) medicine.