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The neural elements in the lining of the ventricular-subventricular zone: making an old story new by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy

The classical description of the neural elements that compose the lining of brain ventricles introduces us to the single layer of ependymal cells. However, new findings, especially in the lateral ventricle (LV)—the major niche for the generation of new neurons in the adult brain—have provided inform...

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Autores principales: Haemmerle, Carlos Alexandre dos Santos, Nogueira, Maria Inês, Watanabe, Ii-sei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4623158/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26578896
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2015.00134
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author Haemmerle, Carlos Alexandre dos Santos
Nogueira, Maria Inês
Watanabe, Ii-sei
author_facet Haemmerle, Carlos Alexandre dos Santos
Nogueira, Maria Inês
Watanabe, Ii-sei
author_sort Haemmerle, Carlos Alexandre dos Santos
collection PubMed
description The classical description of the neural elements that compose the lining of brain ventricles introduces us to the single layer of ependymal cells. However, new findings, especially in the lateral ventricle (LV)—the major niche for the generation of new neurons in the adult brain—have provided information about additional cell elements that influence the organization of this part of the ventricular system and produce important contributions to neurogenesis. To complement the cell neurochemistry findings, we present a three-dimensional in situ description that demonstrates the anatomical details of the different types of ciliated cells and the innervation of these elements. After processing adult rat brains for ultrastructural analysis by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) and transmission electron microscopy, we observed a heterogeneous pattern of cilia distribution at the different poles of the LV surface. Furthermore, we describe the particular three-dimensional aspects of the ciliated cells of the LV, in addition the fiber bundles and varicose axons surrounding these cells. Therefore, we provide a unique ultrastructural description of the three-dimensional in situ organization of the LV surface, highlighting its innervation, to corroborate the available neurochemical and functional findings regarding the factors that regulate this neurogenic niche.
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spelling pubmed-46231582015-11-17 The neural elements in the lining of the ventricular-subventricular zone: making an old story new by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy Haemmerle, Carlos Alexandre dos Santos Nogueira, Maria Inês Watanabe, Ii-sei Front Neuroanat Neuroscience The classical description of the neural elements that compose the lining of brain ventricles introduces us to the single layer of ependymal cells. However, new findings, especially in the lateral ventricle (LV)—the major niche for the generation of new neurons in the adult brain—have provided information about additional cell elements that influence the organization of this part of the ventricular system and produce important contributions to neurogenesis. To complement the cell neurochemistry findings, we present a three-dimensional in situ description that demonstrates the anatomical details of the different types of ciliated cells and the innervation of these elements. After processing adult rat brains for ultrastructural analysis by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) and transmission electron microscopy, we observed a heterogeneous pattern of cilia distribution at the different poles of the LV surface. Furthermore, we describe the particular three-dimensional aspects of the ciliated cells of the LV, in addition the fiber bundles and varicose axons surrounding these cells. Therefore, we provide a unique ultrastructural description of the three-dimensional in situ organization of the LV surface, highlighting its innervation, to corroborate the available neurochemical and functional findings regarding the factors that regulate this neurogenic niche. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC4623158/ /pubmed/26578896 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2015.00134 Text en Copyright © 2015 Haemmerle, Nogueira and Watanabe. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Haemmerle, Carlos Alexandre dos Santos
Nogueira, Maria Inês
Watanabe, Ii-sei
The neural elements in the lining of the ventricular-subventricular zone: making an old story new by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy
title The neural elements in the lining of the ventricular-subventricular zone: making an old story new by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy
title_full The neural elements in the lining of the ventricular-subventricular zone: making an old story new by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy
title_fullStr The neural elements in the lining of the ventricular-subventricular zone: making an old story new by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy
title_full_unstemmed The neural elements in the lining of the ventricular-subventricular zone: making an old story new by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy
title_short The neural elements in the lining of the ventricular-subventricular zone: making an old story new by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy
title_sort neural elements in the lining of the ventricular-subventricular zone: making an old story new by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4623158/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26578896
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2015.00134
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