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Stimulus devaluation induced by action stopping is greater for explicit value representations

We recently showed that rapidly stopping an action in the face of a reward-related stimulus reduces the subjective value of that stimulus (Wessel et al., 2014). In that study, there were three phases. In an initial learning phase, geometric shapes were associated with monetary value via implicit lea...

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Autores principales: Wessel, Jan R., Tonnesen, Alexandra L., Aron, Adam R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4623464/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26579025
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01640
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author Wessel, Jan R.
Tonnesen, Alexandra L.
Aron, Adam R.
author_facet Wessel, Jan R.
Tonnesen, Alexandra L.
Aron, Adam R.
author_sort Wessel, Jan R.
collection PubMed
description We recently showed that rapidly stopping an action in the face of a reward-related stimulus reduces the subjective value of that stimulus (Wessel et al., 2014). In that study, there were three phases. In an initial learning phase, geometric shapes were associated with monetary value via implicit learning. In a subsequent treatment phase, half the shapes were paired with action stopping, and half were not. In a final auction phase, shapes that had been paired with stopping in the treatment phase were subjectively perceived as less valuable compared to those that were not. Exploratory post hoc analyses showed that the stopping-induced devaluation effect was larger for participants with greater explicit knowledge of stimulus values. Here, we repeated the study in 65 participants to systematically test whether the level of explicit knowledge influences the degree of devaluation. The results replicated the core result that action stopping reduces stimulus value. Furthermore, they showed that this effect was indeed significantly larger in participants with more explicit knowledge of the relative stimulus values in the learning phase. These results speak to the robustness of the stopping-induced devaluation effect, and furthermore imply that behavioral therapies using stopping could be successful in devaluing real-world stimuli, insofar as stimulus values are explicitly represented. Finally, to facilitate future investigations into the applicability of these findings, as well as the mechanisms underlying stopping-induced stimulus devaluation, we herein provide open source code for the behavioral paradigm.
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spelling pubmed-46234642015-11-17 Stimulus devaluation induced by action stopping is greater for explicit value representations Wessel, Jan R. Tonnesen, Alexandra L. Aron, Adam R. Front Psychol Psychology We recently showed that rapidly stopping an action in the face of a reward-related stimulus reduces the subjective value of that stimulus (Wessel et al., 2014). In that study, there were three phases. In an initial learning phase, geometric shapes were associated with monetary value via implicit learning. In a subsequent treatment phase, half the shapes were paired with action stopping, and half were not. In a final auction phase, shapes that had been paired with stopping in the treatment phase were subjectively perceived as less valuable compared to those that were not. Exploratory post hoc analyses showed that the stopping-induced devaluation effect was larger for participants with greater explicit knowledge of stimulus values. Here, we repeated the study in 65 participants to systematically test whether the level of explicit knowledge influences the degree of devaluation. The results replicated the core result that action stopping reduces stimulus value. Furthermore, they showed that this effect was indeed significantly larger in participants with more explicit knowledge of the relative stimulus values in the learning phase. These results speak to the robustness of the stopping-induced devaluation effect, and furthermore imply that behavioral therapies using stopping could be successful in devaluing real-world stimuli, insofar as stimulus values are explicitly represented. Finally, to facilitate future investigations into the applicability of these findings, as well as the mechanisms underlying stopping-induced stimulus devaluation, we herein provide open source code for the behavioral paradigm. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC4623464/ /pubmed/26579025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01640 Text en Copyright © 2015 Wessel, Tonnesen and Aron. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Wessel, Jan R.
Tonnesen, Alexandra L.
Aron, Adam R.
Stimulus devaluation induced by action stopping is greater for explicit value representations
title Stimulus devaluation induced by action stopping is greater for explicit value representations
title_full Stimulus devaluation induced by action stopping is greater for explicit value representations
title_fullStr Stimulus devaluation induced by action stopping is greater for explicit value representations
title_full_unstemmed Stimulus devaluation induced by action stopping is greater for explicit value representations
title_short Stimulus devaluation induced by action stopping is greater for explicit value representations
title_sort stimulus devaluation induced by action stopping is greater for explicit value representations
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4623464/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26579025
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01640
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