Effectiveness of Vitamin B2 versus Sodium Valproate in Migraine Prophylaxis: a randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND: Migraine headache is a prevalent periodical and neurological impairment that is associated with functional disorders. Regarding the side effects of available medications, research is continuing in an effort to identify new, effective pharmaceutical regimens with limited side effects. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of vitamin B2 versus sodium valproate in migraine prophylaxis. METHODS: This was a single-blind clinical trial conducted on 90 migraine patients in two parallel groups. The first group underwent vitamin B2 treatment (400 mg/day) for three months, and the second group was treated with sodium valproate (500 mg/day). The patients were examined at the beginning of the study and 4, 8, and 12 weeks later. After the administration of the drugs in both groups, we recorded the duration of migraine pain, the frequency of migraine episodes, and the severity of the headaches. Potential complications of this study that were measured were weight gain, dizziness, and gastrointestinal problems. RESULTS: The findings showed that the frequency, median duration per month, and severity of the headaches decreased in both groups, but the difference between them was not significant (p > 0.05). However, there were significantly fewer side effects in vitamin B2 group (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: Sodium valproate and vitamin B2 have similar effects on the reduction of migraine attacks, but vitamin B2 had fewer complications and fewer adverse effects; therefore, vitamin B2 can be administered to patients who are prohibited from taking sodium valproate or who have adverse side effects when they take it.